Obesity/Weight Management
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Obesity/Weight Management


Research and Reports

2004

Gerberding J. CDC's role in promoting healthy lifestyles. Washington, DC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2003.

Hays NP, Starling RD, Liu X, Sullivan DH, Trappe TA, Fluckey JD, Evans WJ. Effects of an ad libitum low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet on body weight, body composition, and fat distribution in older men and women: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:210-217.

Hughes VA, Roubenoff R, Wood M, Frontera WR, Evans WJ, Fiatarone Singh MA. Anthropometric assessment of 10-y changes in body composition in the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:475-482.

Jenkins KR. Obesity's effects on the onset of functional impairment among older adults. Gerontologist. 2004;44:206-216.

Lee JS, Kritchevsky SB, Tylavsky FA, Harris T, Everhart J, Simonsick EM, Rubin SM, Newman AB. Weight-loss intention in the well-functioning, community-dwelling elderly: associations with diet quality, physical activity, and weight change. Am J Clin Nutr . 2004;80:466-474.

Philipson T, Dai C, Helmchen L, Variyam JN. The Economics of Obesity: A Report on the Workshop Held at USDA’s Economic Research Service. Washington, DC: Economic Research Service/USDA; May 2004.

Regidor E, Gutiérrez-Fisac JL, Banegas JR, López-García E, Rodríguez-Artalejo F. Obesity and socioeconomic position measured at three stages of the life course in the elderly. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004;58, 488-494.

Rolland Y, Lauwers-Cances V, Pahor M, Fillaux J, Grandjean H, Vellas B. Muscle strength in obese elderly women: Effect of recreational physical activity in a cross-sectional study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79:552-557.

Stern L, Iqbal N, Seshadri P,Chicano K L, Daily D A, McGrory J, Williams M, Gracely M, Samaha FF. The effects of low-carbohydrate versus conventional weight loss diets in severely obese adults: One-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Annals Inter Med. 2004;140:778-785.

Sturm R, Ringel JS, Andreyeva T. Increasing obesity rates and disability trends. Health Aff. 2004;23:199-205.

2003

Bray GA, Champagne CM. Obesity and the metabolic syndrome: implications for dietetics practitioners. Am J Diet Assoc. 2004;104:86-89.

Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1625-1638.

Chin MJ, de Groot LC, van Gend SV, Schoterman MH, Schouten EG, Schroll M, van Staveren WA. Inactivity and weight loss: effective criteria to identify frailty. J Nutr Health Aging. 2003;7:55-60.

Fontaine KR; Redden DT; Wang C, Westfall AO, Allison DB. Years of life lost due to obesity. JAMA. 2003;289:187-193.

Kaplan MS, Huguet N, Newsom JT, McFarland BH, Lindsay J. Prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among older adults: findings from the Canadian national population health survey. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003;58:M1018-1030.

Ledikwe JH, Smiciklas-Wright H, Mitchell DC, Jensen GL, Friedmann JM, Still CD. Nutritional risk assessment and obesity in rural older adults: a sex difference. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77:551-558.

Nicklas BJ, Dennis KE, Berman DM, Sorkin J, Ryan AS, Goldberg AP. Lifestyle intervention of hypocaloric dieting and walking reduces abdominal obesity and improves coronary heart disease risk factors in obese, postmenopausal, African-American and Caucasian women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003;58:M181-M189.

Parra-Medina D, D’Antonio A, Smith SM, Levin S, Kirkner G, Mayer-Davis E. Successful recruitment and retention strategies for a randomized weight management trial for people with diabetes living in rural, medically underserved counties of South Carolina: The POWER study. Am J Diet Assoc. 2004;104:70-75.

Slentz CA, Duscha BD, Johnson JL, Ketchum K, Aiken LB, Samsa GP, Houmard JA, Bales CW, Kraus WE. Effects of the amount of exercise on body weight, body composition, and measures of central obesity: STRRIDE-a randomized controlled study. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:31-39.

2002 and earlier

Abbasi F, Brown BW, Lamendola C, McLaughlin T, Reaven GM. Relationship between obesity, insulin resistance, and coronary heart disease risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:937-943.

Cleland RL, Gross WC, Koss LD, Daynard M, Muoio KM. Weight Loss Advertising: An Analysis of Current Trends. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services; Federal Trade Commission Staff Report; 2002.

Colhoun HM. The big picture on obesity and insulin resistance. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:944-945

Davison KK, Ford ES, Cogswell ME, Dietz WH. Percentage of body fat and body mass index are associated with mobility limitations in people aged 70 and older from NHANES III. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50:1802-1809.

Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000. JAMA. 2002;288:1723-1727.

Hays NP, Bathalon GP, McCrory MA, Roubenoff R, Lipman R, Roberts SB. Eating behavior correlates of adult weight gain and obesity in healthy women aged 55-65 y. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;75:476-483.

Kuchler F, Ballenger N. Societal costs of obesity: how can we assess when federal interventions will pay? FoodReview. 2002:33-37.

Ludwig DS. The glycemic index: physiological mechanisms relating to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. JAMA 2002;287:2414-2423.

Massie BM. Obesity and heart failure--risk factor or mechanism?. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:358-359.

Sturm R. The effects of obesity, smoking, and drinking on medical problems and costs. Health Affairs. 2002;21.

Weil E, Wachterman M, McCarthy EP, Davis RB, O'Day B, Iezzoni LI, Wee CC. Obesity among adults with disabling conditions. JAMA. 2002;288:1265-1268.

White JV, Parham JS. In pursuit of a healthy weight: what should we recommend for older adults?
Healthy Weight Journal. 2002;16:72-75.

Wilson PWF, D'Agostino RB, Sullivan L, Parise H, Kannel WB. Overweight and obesity as determinants of cardiovascular risk - the Framingham experience. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162:1867-1872.

AbuSabha R, Wright HS, Jensen G, Achterberg C, Harkness W, Von Eye A. Factors associated with diet and weight in rural older women. J Nutr Elder. 1997;16:1-16.

Allaz A-F, Bernstein M, van Nes M-C, Rouget P, Morabia A. Weight loss preoccupation in aging women: a review. J Nutr Health Aging. 1999;3:177-181.

Allaz AF, Bernstein M, Rouget P, Archinard M, Morabia A. Body weight preoccupation in middle-age and ageing women: A general population survey. Int J Eat Disord. 1998;23:287-294.

Asefeh H, Viola V, Harlan M. Krumholz,An Evidence-Based Assessment of Federal Guidelines for Overweight and Obesity as They Apply to Elderly Persons. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161:1194-1203

Bathalon GP, Hays NP, Meydani SN, Dawson-Hughes B, Schaefer EJ, Lipman R, Nelson M, Greenberg AS, Roberts SB. Metabolic, psychological, and health correlates of dietary restraint in healthy postmenopausal women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56A(4):M206-211.

Beaufrere B, Morio B. Fat and protein redistribution with aging: metabolic considerations. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000;54(S3):S48-S53.

Bell R, Lucas MJ, Halling JF. Differences and consistency in estimations of percent body fat in elderly males predicted by three methods over time. J Am Diet Assoc. 1990;90(suppl):A-16. Abstract.

Berardi E, Maher K. Weight wellness program: An effective multidisciplinary team approach to reducing unexpected weight loss of residents in a long term care facility. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995;95(suppl):A-58. Abstract.

Calles-Escandon J, Ballor D, Harvey-Berino J, Ades P, Tracy R, Sobel B. Amelioration of the inhibition of fibrinolysis in elderly obese subjects by moderate intake restriction. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;64:7-11.

Carpenter WH, Fonong T, Toth MJ, Ades PA, Calles-Escandon J, Walston JD, Poehlman ET. Total daily energy expenditure in free-living older African-Americans and Caucasians. Am J Physiol. 1998;274:E96-E101.

Cefalu WT, Wagner JD, Wang ZQ, Bell-Farrow AD, Collins J, Haskell D, Bechtold R, Morgan T. A study of caloric restriction and cardiovascular aging in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis): A potential model for aging research. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1997;52:B10-B19.

Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: Executive summary. Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight in Adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68:899-917.

Dornelas EA, Wylie-Rosette J, Swencionis C. The DIET study: Long-term outcomes of a cognitive-behavioral weight-control intervention in independent-living elders. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998;98:1276-1281.

Fischer J, Johnson MA. Low body weight and weight loss in the aged. J Am Diet Assoc. 1990;90:1697-1706.

Galanos AN, Pieper CF, Cornoni-Huntley JC, Bales CW, Fillenbaum GG. Nutrition and function: is there a relationship between body mass index and the functional capabilities of community-dwelling elderly? J Am Geriatr Soc. 1994;42:368-373.

Goldman A, Wylie-Rosett J, Swencionis C, Dornelas E. The effect of dietary changes and intentional weight loss on high density cholesterol levels in older adults. J Nutr Elder. 1992;12(1):1-14.

Gryglewska B, Grodzicki T, Kocemba J. Obesity and blood pressure in the elderly free-living population. J Hum Hypertens.1998;12:645-647.

Harnack LJ, Jeffery RW, Boutelle KN. Temporal trends in energy intake in the United States: an
ecologic perspective. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:1478-1484


Harris MA, Wang V, Treber LA. Effect of nutrition intervention on length of hospital stay in severely obese elderly patients. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998;98(suppl):A-90. Abstract.

Helat A, Vaccarino V, Krumholtz HM. An evidence-based assessment of federal guidelines for overweight and obesity as they apply to elderly persons. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161:1194-1203.

Hunter GR,Weinsier RL, Gower BA, Wetzstein C. Age-related decrease in resting energy expenditure in sedentary white women: effects of regional differences in lean and fat mass. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:333-337.

Insights into weight management. Dairy Council Digest. 2000;71(2):1-6.

Jensen GL, Rogers J. Obesity in older persons. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998;98:1308-1311.

Kalmijn S, Curb JD, Rodriguez BL, Yano K, Abbott RD. The association of body weight and anthropometry with mortality in elderly men: The Honolulu Heart Program. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999;23:395-402.

Kordish SG, Johnson RM. The effects of standard and aggressive home delivered meals on the weight of frail, elderly women. J Am Diet Assoc. 1992;92(suppl):A-45. Abstract.

Lee IM, Blair SN, Allison DB, Folsom AR, Harris TB, Manson JE, Wing RR. Epidemiologic data on the relationships of caloric intake, energy balance, and weight gain over the life span with longevity and morbidity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56A (special issue I):7-19.

Lin CC, Li TC, Lai SW, Li CI, Wanga KC, Tan CK, Ng KC, Liu CS. Epidemiology of obesity in elderly people. Yale J Biol Med. 1999;72(6):385-91.

Losonczy KG, Harris TB, Cornoni-Huntley J, Simonsick EM, Wallace RB, Cook NR, Ostfeld AM, Blazer DG. Does weight loss from middle age to old age explain the inverse weight mortality relation in old age? Am J Epidemiol. 1995;141:312-321.

Meneilly GS, Elliott T. Metabolic alterations in middle-aged and elderly obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999;22:112-118

Mobbs CV, Bray GA, Atkinson RL, Bartke A, Finch CE, Maratos-Flier E, Crawley JN, Nelson JF. Neuroendocrine and pharmacologoical manipulations to assess how caloric restriction increases life span. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56A(special issue I):34-44.

Moriguti JC, Das SK, Saltzman E, Corrales A, McCrory MA, Greenberg AS, Roberts SB. Effects of a 6-week hypocaloric diet on changes in body composition in healthy young and older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2000;55A(12):B580-587.

Mykkanen L, Laakso M, Pyorala K.Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, Finland.
University of Minnesota Medical School-Minneapolis. Association ofobesity and distribution of obesity with glucose tolerance and cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1992;16(9):695-704.

Nawaz H, Adams ML, Katz DL. Weight loss counseling by health care providers. Am J Public Health. 1999;89:764-767.

NIDDK: Statistics Related to Overweight and Obesity. NIH Publication No. 96-4158 July 1996.

Ortega RM, Andres P. Department of Community Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung
City, Taiwan. Is obesity worth treating in the elderly? Drugs Aging.1998;12(2):97-101.

Poehlman ET, Turturro A, Bodkin N, Cefalu W, Heymsfield S, Holloszy J, Kemnitz J. Caloric restriction mimetics: physical activity and body composition changes. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56A(special issue I):45-54.

Position of the American Dietetic Association: Weight management. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997;97:71. Full text available on ADA's website.

Prevention Report: Overweight and Obesity - A Major Public Health Issue. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2001.

Robinson GE, Gilmore SA, Raymond JL. Clinical indicators associated with unintentional weight loss and pressure ulcers in nursing facilities. J Am Diet Assoc. 1994;94(suppl):A-47. Abstract.

Robinson GE, Gilmore SA, Raymond JL. Clinical indicators associated with unintentional weight loss and pressure ulcers in nursing facilities. J Am Diet Assoc. 1994;94(suppl):A-47. Abstract

Salom IL. Weight control and nutrition. Knowing when to intervene. Geriatrics. 1997;52(1):33-41.

Santana H, Zoico E, Trucato E, Tosoni P, Bissoli L, Olivieri M, Bosello O, Zamboni M. Relation between body composition, fat distribution, and lung function in elderly men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(4):827-31.

Seidell JC. Societal and personal costs of obesity. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1998;106 (suppl)2:7-9

Seidell JC, Visscher TL. Body weight and weight change and their health implications for the elderly. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000;54(S3):S33-S39.

Seim HC, Holtmeier KB. Treatment of obesity in the elderly. Am Fam Physician. 1993;47:1183-1189.

Stevens J, Gautam SP, Keil JE. Body mass index and fat patterning as correlates of lipids and hypertension in an elderly, biracial population. J Gerontol. 1993;48:M249-M254.

The Surgeon General's Call to Action Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services; 2001.

Visser M, Langlois J, Guralnik JM, Cauley JA, Kronmal RA, Robbins J, Williamson JD, Harris TB. High body fatness, but not low fat-free mass, predicts disability in older men and women: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68:584-590

Weight control: Challenges and solutions. Dairy Council Digest. 1999;70(3):1-6.

Weindruch R, Keenan KP, Carney JM, Fernandes G, Feuers RJ, Floyd RA, Halter JB, Ramsy JJ, Richardson A, Roth GS, Spindler SR. Caloric restriction mimetics: metabolic interventions. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56A(special issue I):20-33.

Wolf AM, Colditz GA. Current estimates of the economic cost of obesity in  the United States.Obes Res 1998 Mar;6(2):97-106.

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Resources

2003

Defining Overweight and Obesity
(7/2003). For professionals and consumers, this site provides information about obesity among adults. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (800) 311-3435.

Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults (2003). For professionals, this site provides free online continuing medical education modules on the assessment and management of overweight and obesity in adults. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (301) 592-8573.

Eat Smart: How to Fill Up, Not Out! (2003). For consumers, this article includes tips on eating the right foods that can fill us up in order to maintain a healthy weight. Food Reflections.
(402) 441-7180.

The Practical Guide: Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults.
For professionals and consumers, this guide provides tools to effectively manage overweight and obese adult patients. NHLB. (301) 592-8573.

2002 and earlier

Active at Any Size
Audience:
Consumers and Professionals
Description: The Weight-control Information Network (WIN) developed this website to promote physical activity among very large people.
Contact: Weight-control Information Network
1 Win Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3665
Phone: 877-946-4627 (toll free)
Fax: 202-828-1028
E-mail: mailto:%20win@info.niddk.nih.gov
Cost: none

Calculate My Body Mass Index
Audience:
Consumers
Description:
This website calculates your body mass index, simply insert your weight in pounds and select your height. Click on the Compute button to see your body mass index.
Contact: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Obesity Education Initiative website
Cost:
none

The Center for Weight and Health
Audience: Consumers
Description: In order to facilitate collaborative work, the Center for Weight and Health has developed a searchable on-line database of professionals whose work is relevant to weight-related health issues, food security and food systems. The database is now live and can be accessed on the Center's website (below).
Contact: http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/cwh
Cost: none

Evaluation and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults Slide Show
Audience: Professionals:
Description: The Clinical Guidelines Evidence Report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Institute has been made into a slide show. This slide show consists of six sections: Clinical Guidelines Core Set, Evidence-Based Methodology, Background Data, Practical Tips, Special Considerations, and Future Research. Presenters will be able to focus their presentation accordingly. NHLBI is pleased to be able to offer this slide set for public use. The slides can be downloaded for use in computer slide shows, conventional slide presentations, or for online viewing via the website.
Contact: Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute website
Cost: Complimentary

Guide to Healthy Restaurant Eating, 2nd Edition (2002). For consumers, this guide provides nutrition information for more than 3,500 menu items from more than 55 major restaurant chains. Nutrition Counseling Education Services (NCES). (877) 623-7266.

Handbook Of Obesity Treatment (2002). For professionals, this handbook guides the user through the entire process of planning and delivering clinical services. Special topics: improving self-esteem and body image, treatment of childhood obesity, service provision in the primary care setting, need for preventive interventions and policy initiatives. Nutrition Counseling Education Services (NCES). (877) 623-7266.

Nutrition Problems of the Elderly
Audience: Consumers and Professionals
Description: This video reviews malnourishment, including obesity and PCM; chewing problems; alcoholism; drug-food interactions; constipation; iron; dehydration; eating alone vs. lonely eating. All-In-One Videotape & Instruction Resource Package: Videotape, Learning Objectives, Learning Activities, Before-After Knowledge Quiz, and Laser-sharp, copier ready handout master. Videotape length: 14 minutes. Item #246
Contact: National Health Video
11312 Santa Monica Blvd. Suite 5
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: 800-543-6803
Cost: Package: $89.00

The Practical Guide to the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and
Obesity in Adults
(2001)
Audience: Professionals
Description: This guide was developed cooperatively by the North American Association for the Study of Obesity (NAASO) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). It is based on the Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: Evidence Report developed by the NHLBI Expert Panel and released in June 1998. The Expert Panel used an evidence-based methodology to develop key recommendations for assessing and treating overweight and obese patients. The goal of the Practical Guide is to provide the tools you need to effectively manage your overweight and obese adult patients. 78 pages.
Cost: Single copy $5.50 (bulk rate available)
*Aim for a Healthy Weight
Audience: Consumers (patients) and Professionals
Description: This is a section of the NHLBI's website
*Patient pages include: Body Mass Index calculator, Online personalized menu planner, Downloadable tips on controlling your weight including shopping ideas, recipes, tips for eating out, and a guide to physical activity.
*Professional pages include: "The Clinical Guidelines Evidence Report, The Executive Summary of the Guidelines, and the Practical Guide", Palm OS Tools: Succinct and practical point-of-care references for download and use on Palm OS devices, Slide Show: Based on the Evidence Report. The slide show can be used for professional presentations.
Contact: NHLBI Health Information Center
PO Box 30105
Bethesda, MD 20824-0105
Phone: 3-1-592-8573
Fax: 301-592-8563
Cost: Materials may be downloaded from the website free of charge

Simple Strategies Series
Audience: Professionals
Description: These booklets are designed to provide sensible, effective advice to help people eat well and manage their weight for better health. Created by registered dietitians, the Simple Strategies series feature proven and practical solutions to the most common weight-loss obstacles.
Contact: Park Nicollet HealthSource
3800 Park Nicollet Boulevard
Minneapolis, MN 55416
Phone: 1-800-372-7776
Web site: http://www.healthsource.org/
Cost: $3.50 (1-9), $3.15 (10-99), $2.80 (100-499), $2.45 (500+)
Save 5% when you order online!

Statistics Related to Overweight and Obesity

Audience:
This fact sheet discusses these terms and their
measures, and explains why statistics may differ when obtained from
diverse sources. It then presents statistics related to overweight and
obesity in the United States.
Contact:
Weight Information Network
Cost:
none

Tool Kit "Fat Replacers: New Choices for Managing Dietary Fat" (2001)
Audience:
Professionals
Description: The tool kit is a versatile resource designed to help nutrition educators talk with both health professional and consumer audiences about the options available for managing dietary fat. The kit, developed in partnership with the US Food and Drug Administration, provides two sets of materials, one for professional audiences and the other for consumer audiences, including presentation scripts, overhead/slide masters, a reference sheet, glossary of fat reduction ingredients, and other resource materials.
Contact: International Food Information Council (IFIC)
1100 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 430
Washington DC 20036
Phone: 202-296-6540
Fax: 202-296-6547
Cost: Complimentary

Volumetrics: Feel Full on Fewer Calories. B. Rolls, Ph.D., R. Barnett (2000)
Audience: Professionals and Consumers
Description: The book is divided into 7 sections; evidence supporting Volumetrics weight management and the concept of energy/density; step-by-step instructions to calculate BMI and calorie needs and a subsection entitled "Seven Keys to Weight Management Success"; a general overview of carbohydrates, fat, proteins, alcohol, water and soup and how each of these fit into the Volumetrics plan; resource guides and meal plans for each reader. ISBN: 0-06-019483-9
Contact: Harper Collins Publishers
Cost: Varies by bookstore

Weight Loss: Finding a Weight Loss Program that Works for You
Audience: Consumers
Description: The Federal Trade Commission spearheaded "The Partnership for Healthy Weight Management" with the International Food Information Council (IFIC) in 1998 to promote reliable methods for healthy weight management. This publication is available in PDF.
Contact: The Federal Trade Commission or IFIC at above link
Cost: Complimentary

The Weight Realities Movement - Fitness and Fatness
Audience: Professionals
Description: This new weight paradigm advocates health and quality of life rather than slenderness at any cost.
Contact: Society for Nutrition Education
9202 N. Meridian, Suite 200
Indianapolis, IN 46260
Phone: 800-235-6690; Fax 317-571-5603
Cost: none

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Web Links

Weight-control Information Network (NIH) <www.niddk.nih.gov/health/nutrit/win.htm>

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Last Updated:
07/29/2004