Birth. October 19, 1933, Juiz de Fora, Mina Gerais, Brazil.

Education. Santo Antonio Minor Seminary, Juiz de Fora; Minor Seminary of Pirapora do Bom Jesus; Central Seminary of Ipiranga, São Paulo (philosophy and theology); Pontifical Athenaeum of S. Anselmo, Rome (dotorate in sacred liturgy).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 27, 1957, São Paulo. From 1958 to 1978, collaborator in Santo Antonio parish, in Barra Funda. Assistant to the Catholic Student Youth (Women) and spiritual director and faculty member, Seminary "São Cura d'Ars" (1958-1959); faculty member, Philosophical Seminary of Aparecida (1960-1963); spirtual director and faculty member, Central Seminary of Ipiranga (1964-1967); at the same time, professor of philosophy, Pontifical Catholic University. Further studies, Rome, 1967-1969. Coordinator of diocesan pastoral and professor of theology, 1970-1974; from 1975 to 1978, director of Theological Faculty "Nossa Senhora da Assunção", São Paulo. Member of the Chapter of Canons (1964-1978).

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Toledo, (PR), Brazil, May 14, 1978. Consecrated, August 6, 1978, Sco Paulo, by Paulo Evaristo Arns, archbishop of São Paulo. Promoted to metropolitan see of Londrina, October 4, 1982. Named secretary of Congregation for Divine Worship and Discipline of the Sacraments, September 16, 1991. Nominated member of the Central Committee for the Grand Jubilee of 2000, March 17, 1995. Transferred to metropolitan see of São Salvador da Bahia, January 13, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Gregorio Magno alla Magliana Nuova, February 21, 2001.

Birth. March 2, 1926, Monga, archdiocese of Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Baptized, September 2, 1932, Memni, his parish of origen.

Education. Minor Seminary of Bingerville, Bingerville; Major Seminary of Bingerville, Bingerville (philosophy); Major Seminary of Quidah, Dahomey, now Benin (theology); Pontifical Urbanian University (doctorate summa cum laude in theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, July 20, 1953, Bingerville. Vicar in Dabou, teacher and director of the school, 1953-1956. Rector of the pre-seminary in Bingerville, 1956-1957. Further studies, Rome, 1957-1960. Pastor of Notre Dame in Treichville, 1960-1962. Domestic prelate, December 8, 1961 (title changed to prelate of honor, 1968). Vicar general of Abidjan, in charge of private education and of the Seminaries, 1963-1968.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Man, June 8, 1968. Consecrated, October 3, 1968, by Bernard Yago, archbishop of Abidjan. President of the Reginal Episcopal Conference of Western Africa, 1985-1991. Transferred to see of Yamoussoukro, March 6, 1992. Promoted to metropolitan see of Abidjan, December 19, 1994.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Giovanni Crisostomo a Monte Sacro Alto, February 21, 2001.

Birth. July 14, 1925, Santa Eulalia de Ferroñes, Llanera, archdiocese of Oviedo, Spain.

Education. Seminary of Oviedo, Oviedo; Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca; Pontifical University of Comillas, Comillas (doctorate in canon law).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 11, 1950, Oviedo. In archdiocese of Oviedo, pastoral work and private secretary of the archbishop for 7 years; secretary-chancellor; pro-vicar general.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Tarazona, April 13, 1973. Consecrated, June 3, 1973, Tarazona, by Luigi Dadaglio, titular archbishop of Daro, nuncio in Spain. Apostolic administrator sede plena of Calahorra-La Calzada y Logroño, July 7, 1975. Transferred to see of Calahora y La Calzada-Logroño, December 20, 1976. Transferred to see of Orihuela-Alicante, May 12, 1989. Attended IX Ordinary Assembly of World Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 2-29, 1994. Promoted to metropolitan and primatial see of Toledo, June 23, 1995.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Maria "Regina Pacis" a Monte Verde, February 21, 2001.

Birth. February 1, 1937, Kaunas, Lithuania. Family escaped to Western Europe after World War II because of the Soviet occupation.

Education. Institute Saint-Marie-de-Monceau (secondary education); Theological Seminary of Saint-Sulpice, Issy-les-Molineux (philosophy); Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (theology); Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, Rome (diplomacy); Pontifical Lateran University, Rome (doctorate in canon law).

Priesthood. Ordained, March 18, 1961, Rome. Pastoral care of Lithuanian communities in the United States. Further studies, Rome. 1964 Entered the diplomatic service of the Holy See, 1964. Secretary of nunciature in the Philippines, 1964-1965); in Costa Rica (1965-1967); in Turkey (1967-1970); in Nigeria (1970-1973). Privy chamberlain, June 26, 1965 (title changed to chaplain of His Holiness, 1968). Called to the Council of Public Affairs of the Church at the Secretariat of State, 1973. Delegate of the Holy See at the United Nations Conference in Vienna, 1975. Vice-secretary of the Council for the Public Affairs of the Church, 1979.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Meta, with personal title of archbishop, and appointed nuncio in the Netherlands, August 5, 1988. Consecrated, October 4, 1988, Vatican City, by Pope John Paul II. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Vilnius, December 24, 1991. President of the Lithuanian Bishops Conference, 1993-1999; vice-president, 1999-

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of Natività di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo a Via Gallia, February 21, 2001.

Birth. December 17, 1936, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Education. Obtained the diploma of technician in chemistry. Enetred Seminary of Villa Devoto, Buenos Aires. Joined the Society of Jesus, March 11, 1958. Novitiate in Chile (Humanities); Colegio Máximo San José, San Miguel, Buenos Aires (licentiate in philosophy); professor of literature and psychology in Colegio de la Inmaculada, Santa Fe, and in Colegio del Salvador, Buenos Aires; Colegio Máximo de San Miguel, (theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, December 13, 1969. Further studies, 1969-1971; third probation, Alcalá de Henares, Spain, 1971-1972; took final vows, April 22, 1973. Master of novices, Villa Barilari, San Miguel, 1972-1973; professor in Theological Faculty; consultor of the Jesuit province and rector of Colegio Máximo. Elected provincial of Argentina, July 31, 1973. Spent some time in Germany. On his return, assigned to Colegio del Salvador, Córdoba and then to spiritual director and confessor, Jesuit Church, Córdoba. Rector of Colegio Máximo de San Miguel and of its Philosophical and Theological Faculties, 1980-1986.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Auca and appointed auxiliary of Buenos Aires, May 20, 1992. Consecrated, June 27, 1992, Buenos Aires, by Cardinal Antonio Quarracino, archbishop of Buenos Aires. Promoted to archbishop coadjutor of Buenos Aires, June 3, 1997. Succeeded to metropolitan see of Buenos Aires, February 28, 1998. Ordinary for the faithful of the Oriental rite in Argentina without an ordinary for their rite, November 30, 1998. Grand chancellor of the Catholic University of Argentina. Second vicepresident of the Episcopal Conference of Argentina

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Roberto Bellarmino, February 21, 2001.

Birth. February 18, 1938, Fleury-lès-Aubrais, diocese of Orléans, France.

Education. Major Seminary of Luçon, Luçon (philosophy and theology); Catholic University of Angers, Angers (licentiate in theology); Pontifical Biblical Institute, Rome (licentiate in Sacred Scriptures); Biblical Institute, Jerusalem.

Priesthood. Ordained, March 25, 1962, Luçon. Further studies, Rome, 1963-1965; Jerusalem, 1965-1966. Faculty member, Major Seminary of Luçon, 1966-1972; faculty member, Seminary of La Roche-sur-Yon, 1972-1977. In charge of permanent formation of the laity and animator of the National Office for permanent formation of the clergy, 1977-1980. Episcopal vicar and archdeacon of Haut Bocage, 1980-1984.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Laval, March 10, 1984. Consecrated, May 19, 1984, Laval, by Charles Paty, bishop of Luçon. Promoted to metropolitan see of of Aix, May 5, 1995. President of Conference of Bishops of France, November 5, 1996. Transferred to metropolitan and primatial see of Lyon, July 10, 1998.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Pietro in Vincoli, February 21, 2001.

Birth. August 14, 1926, Novale di Valdagno, diocese of Vicenza, Italy.

Education. Seminary of Vicenza, Vicenza; Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (licentiate in social sciences); State University, Rome (doctorate in jurisprudence); Pontifical Lateran University, Rome (doctorate in canon law); Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, Rome (diplomacy).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 26, 1949. Vicar cooperator, Santa Maria in Colle, Bassano del Grapa. Further studies and pastoral work, Rome 1957-1959.Worked for a few months at the sceretariat of State. Secretary of nunciature in the Philippines, 1960-1964; in nunciaturte in Spain, 1964-1968; in Lisbon, 1968. From 1969 to 1974, worked in secretariat of State, where he also was head of the Office of Information and Documentation. Prelate of honor, August 26, 1973.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Amiterno and appointed pro-nuncio in Kenya and apostolic delegate in the Seychelles, January 17, 1976. Consecrated, February 28, 1976, Vatican City, by Cardinal Jean Villot, secretary of State. In Kenya was also permanent observer before the organs of the U.N. for the Enviroment and the Habitat, 1976-1981. Pro-nuncio in India, May 9, 1981. First pro-nuncio in Nepal, April 30, 1985. Pro-nuncio in the United States, permanent observer before the Organization of American States (O.A.S.) and representative of the Holy See before the World Association of Jurists, June 13, 1990. President of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See, November 5, 1998.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of Ss. Angeli Custodi a Città Giardino, February 21, 2001.

Birth. December 28, 1943, Lima, Perú.

Education. Universidad Nacional de Ingenierma (UNI), Lima (doctorate in industrial engineering); worked as engineer for some time with W.R. Grace and was promoter of the Instituto Rural Valle Grande. Member of Peruvian basketball team in Bolivarian competition in Barranquilla, Colombia (first place); second place in South American Tournament, Lima; champion in South American Tournament, Montevideo, Uruguay; also participated in Pan American Games, Winnipeg, Canada. Joined prelature of Opus Dei, Lima, June 10, 1962. International Seminary of Prelature of Opus Dei, Rome; University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (doctorate in theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, August 21, 1977, Madrid, Spain. Faculty member, Pontifical and Civil Faculty of Theology of Lima; spiritual director of Major Seminary of Lima; Chaplain and faculty member of Escuela de Alta Direccisn and of Escuela Superior Montemar, Lima; from 1986 to 1988, Regional Vicar of Opus Dei in Perú and vice chancellor of the University of Piura.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of and appointed auxiliary of Ayacucho. Consecrated, July 3, 1988 by Cardinal Juan Landázuri Ricketts, O.F.M., archbishop of Lima. Apostolic administrator of Ayacucho, May 23, 1991. Promoted to metropolitan see of Ayacucho, May 13, 1995. Transferred to metropolitan and primatial see of Lima, January 9, 1999. Grand chancellor of the Pontifical and Civil Theological Faculty of Lima, January 9, 1999. Grand Chancellor of the Pontifical Catholic University of Perú, March 24, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Camillo de Lellis, February 21, 2001.

Birth. March 24, 1926, Phibsboro, archdiocese of Dublin, Ireland.

Education. Belvedere College Dublin; Holy Cross College (Diocesan Seminary), Dublin; University College, Dublin (bachelor of arts and master of arts); Seminary of Maynooth, Maynooth (theology); Louvain University, Louvain, Belgium (doctorate in philosophy).

Priesthood. Ordained, May 19, 1951. Further studies, Louvain, 1951-1953. Chaplain to three communities of contemplative sisters, the Poor Clares, Donnybrook, 1953-1955; the Carmelites, Drumcondra, 1955-1966 and the Carmelites in Blackrock from 1966. From 1953, also worked in the Department of Metaphysics, University College Dublin; professor of General Metaphysics, 1972; and elected dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology, 1983; re-elected three years later. For his published work he was awarded the degree D.Litt. by the National University of Ireland, 1981. Member of the Irish Hierarchys theological commission, and of the Diocesan Committee on Ecumenism. Prelate of honor, August 20, 1984.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Dublin, January 21, 1988. Consecrated, March 6, 1988, Dublin, by Gaetano Alibrandi, titular archbishop of Binda, nuncio in Ireland. Vice-President of the Irish Episcopal Conference.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Silvestro in Capite, February 21, 2001.

Birth. September 18, 1930, Meskané, Archeparchy of Homs, Hama et Nabk of the Syrians, Syria.

Education. Syrian Seminary of St. Benedict and St. Efrem, Jerusalem. Seminary of Charfet, Lebanon (philosophy and theology). Pontifical Lateran University, Rome (licentiate in canon law). Speaks Arab, French and Italian.

Priesthood. Ordained, October 17, 1954. Further studies, Rome, 1960-1964. Secretary to Syrian Patriarch, Beirut, 1965-1970. Defender of the matrimonial bond, patriarchal tribunal, Beirut.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Cairo of the Syrians, Egypt, by the Syrian Catholic Patriarchal Synod gathered in Charfet, Lebanon, July 2, 1977; Paul VI assented to his election, July 22, 1977. Consecrated, September 18, 1977, Charfeh, Daroun, Lebanon, in the church of the convent of Notre-Dame de la Diliverance, by Ignace Antoine II Hayek, patriarch of Antioch of the Syrians. His name at his consecration was Basile Moussa Daoud. Promoted to archeparchy of Homs, Hama et Nabk of the Syrians by the Syrian Catholic Patriarchal Synod, July 1, 1994; Pope John Paul II assented to his promotion on July 6, 1994. Attended Special Assembly for Asia of World Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, April 19-May 14, 1998. Elected patriarch of Antioch of the Syrians, October 13, 1998, Lebanon, by the Syrian Catholic Patriarchal Synod. Took the name of Ignace Moussa I. Pope John Paul II granted him the "ecclesiastica communio", October 20, 1998. Enthroned as patriarch, October 25, 1998. First visit "ad limina Apostolorum" December 12 to 20, 1998. Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches, November 25, 2000. Resigned patriarchate and given title of patriarch ad personam, January 8, 2001.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal patriarch, February 21, 2001; received red biretta, February 21, 2001.

Birth. January 31, 1926, Schwelm, diocese of Essen (before archdiocese of Paderborn), Germany.

Education. Seminary Paderborn, Paderborn (philosophy); Theological Seminary of Münich, Münich (theology); Seminary of Würzburg, Würzburg (doctorate in theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, August 6, 1952 Paderborn. Prefect of Theological Seminary of Paderborn, 1959. Further studies, Würzburg. Pastor of student parish, Paderborn, 1965. Dean of deanate "Hochstift", 1966.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Vico di Pacato and appointed auxiliary of Paderborn, March 12, 1968. Consecrated, May 1, 1968, Paderborn, by Cardinal Lorenz Jäger, archbishop of Paderborn. Promoted to metropolitan see of Paderborn, April 4, 1974.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Liborio, February 21, 2001.

Birth. April 14, 1936, Bombay, India.

Education. Seminary of Bombay, Bombay; Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, Rome; Pontifical Lateran University, Rome (doctorate in canon law).

Priest. Ordained, December 8, 1958, Bombay. Pastoral work in Bombay, 1958-1961. Further studies, Rome, 1961-1964. Privy chamberlain, December 4, 1964 (title changed to chaplain of His Hpoliness, 1968). Worked in the secretariat of State preparing the visit of Pope Paul VI to the International Eucharistic Congress of Bombay, 1964. From 1965 to 1973, secretary of nunciatures in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Iceland, Finland, Indonesia, Madagascar, La Reunion Island, Comore Island and Mauritius. From 1973 to 1982, in the secretariat of State, head of the section for the Spviet Union, the Baltic States, Bielorussia, Ukraine, Poland, Bulgaria, China, Viet Nâm, Laos, Cambodia, South Africa, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Zambia, Kenya and Tanzania.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Rusubisir and appointed pro-nuncio in Ghana, Togo and Benin, May 8, 1982. Consecrated, June 19, 1982, Vatican City, by Cardinal Agostino Casaroli, secretary of State. Nuncio in Korea, June 20, 1987. Nuncio in Albania, October 28, 1991. Apostolic administrator of apostolic administration of Southern Albania, 1992-1996. Transferred to metropolitan see of Bombay, November 8, 1997.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of Spirito Santo alla Ferratella, February 21, 2001.

Birth. August 24, 1918, Auburn, archdiocese of New York, United States. Son of the United States Secretary of State John Foster Dulles; nephew of Allen Welsh Dulles, founding administrator of the Central Intelligence Agency; great-grandson of John Watson Foster, Secretary of State of the United States; great-grandson of Theodore Medad Pomeroy, MC, Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Education. Attended primary school in New York City and secondary education at private schools in Switzerland and New England. Raised a Presbyterian, he was a self-professed agnostic when entered Harvard University in 1936. He converted to Catholcism in 1940. After graduation, served in intelligence in the Naval Reserve. In 1945 was decorated with the Croix de Guerre for his work in communication with the French navy. Later in 1945, he contracted polio in Naples, Italy. Joined the Society of Jesus, August 14, 1946, New York Province.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 16, 1956, Fordham University, New York, by Cardinal Francis Spellman, archbishop of New York. Joined the faculty of Fordham University in 1951, as a professoir of philosophy. He was moderator of the freshman and sophomore Sodality of Our Lady which included as its prefect sophomore Theodore McCarrick, now archbishop of Washington, D.C., and cardinal-designate. Later he was a member of the faculties of Woodstock College and of the Catholic University of America. Since 1988 he has been the Laurence J. McGinley Professor of Religion and Society at Fordham University. Member of the International Theological Commission, 1991-1997. He has held fifteen visiting professorships and numerous positions in theological organizations including the presidency of the Catholic Theological Society of America and the American Theological Society, which was founded by a group of Protestant theologians including his grandfather, Allen Macy Dulles, a distinguished Presbyterian theologian. He is presently a consultor to the Committee on Doctrine of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Considered as the preeminent American Catholic theologian, he has received numerous awards. Among them, Phi Beta Kappa, the National Catholic Book Award, the Religious Education Forum Award, as well as the Cardinal Spellman Award for distinguished achievement in theology. He also has received 21 honorary doctorates and is well known internationally as an author and a lecturer. He has published 21 books and over 650 articles, essays and reviews. Many of his writings interpret and communicate the messages of the Vatican II Ecumenical Council.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of SS. Nomi di Gesù e Maria in via Lata, February 21, 2001.

Birth. April 2, 1932, Oak Park, archdiocese of Chicago, United States.

Education. Seminary Our Lady of the Lake, Mundelein, Illinois (philisophy); Pontifical Gregorian University (bachelor and license in theology; doctorate in canon law).

Priesthood. Ordained, December 15, 1957, Rome. Further studies, Rome, 1957-1958. In archdiocese of Chicago, parochial vicar of Holy Name Cathedral Parish and secretary to Cardinal Albert Gregory Meyer, archbishop of Chicago. Vice-Rector of the Pontifical North American College, while pursuing doctoral studies in Rome, 1960-1963. Again in Chicago, 1964-1968, secretary to Cardinal John Patrick Cody, archbishop of Chicago; archdiocesan vice-chancellor and co-chancellor for Ecumenism and Social Relations. Auditor of the Tribunal of the Roman Rota, November 20, 1972. Concurrently, professor of Judicial Praxis at the "Studio Rotale" and the Pontifical Gregorian University.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Alleghany and appointed auxiliary of New York, April 1, 1985. Consecrated, May 22,1985, Rome, by Cardinal Bernadin Gantin, prefect of the Congregation for Bishops. Transferred to see of Bridgeport, November 5,1988. Promoted to metropolitan see of New York, May 11, 2000.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo, February 21, 2001.

Birth. September 5, 1933, Santiago de Chile, Chile.

Education. Faculty of Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago (diploma in mathematics). For 8 years, member of Student Center and of Federation of Students and joined university groups of nascent Movement of Schönstatt. Befriended the Servant of God Mario Hiriart and with him and other students originated this Marian apostolic movement in Chile. State University of Fribourg, Switzerland (philosophy and doctorate in theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, July 16, 1961, Fribourg. Further studies, Fribourg, 1961-1962. In October 1962 met Fr. José Kentenich, founder of the ecular Institute of Fathers of Schönstatt, whose spiritual paternity he considers a special gift from God. From 1963 to 1965, consultor of communities of youth and university students in several cities in Chile. Named Regional Superior in Chile of the Secular Institute of Fathers of Schönstatt, 1965-1971. From Chile directed the community of the institute in the Iberian peninsula and in Ecuador. As Regional Superior, participated in the Conference of Religious in Chile and was elected its vicepresident. During those years worked with Cardinal Raúl Silva Henríquez, who had welcomed the Institute, then in its organizational phase, in his archdiocese. Member of the General Council of the Institute, Germany, 1971-1974. Superior general of the Institute and president of the International Council of the Work of Schöntatt 1974; relected in 1980 and 1986. Because of his post, did multiple pastoral visits to Europe, America, Africa and Australia.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Hólar and appointed , December 22, 1990. Consecrated, January 6, 1991, Vatican City, by Pope John Paul II. Archbishop-bishop of Valparaíso, Chile, September 24, 1996. Attended Special Assembly for America of the World Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 16-December 12, 1997. Transferred to metropolitan see of Santiago de Chile, April 24, 1998. Grand chancellor of the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, 1998. Elected presidente of the Episcopal Conference of Chile for three years, November 20, 1998. Elected first vice-president of Latin American Episcopal Council (CELAM), May 13, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Maria della Pace, February 21, 2001.

Birth. January 16, 1920, Cheick Zein-el-Dine, eparchy of Sohag, Egypt.

Education. Joined the Congregation of the Mission, Paris, 1944.

Priesthood. Ordained, March 25, 1944, Rome. Further studies, Paris. During 15 years worked in the popular missions in Lebanon and Egypt.

Episcopate. Elected bishop Luqsor of the Copts, May 8, 1967. Consecrated, June 9, 1967, Alexandria, by Cardinal Stéphanos I Sidarouss, C.M., patriarch of Alexandria of the Copts. Administrator of the Patriarchate of AlexandriaElected patriarch of Alexandria of the Copts, June 9, 1986. Granted ecclesiastica communio by the Pope, June 23, 1986. He has made numerous trips to Canada, Australia and the United States, where he founded the first parish of Copt Catholics.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal patriarch, February 21, 2001; received red biretta, February 21, 2001.

Birth. March 18, 1925, Pujili, diocese of Latacunga, Ecuador.

Education. Major Seminary "San José", Quito; Pontifical Ecclesiastical University, Salamanca, Spain (doctorate in canon law).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 29, 1951.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Tagarata and appointed auxiliary of Quito, May 17, 1969. Consecrated, June 15, 1969, Quito, by Cardinal Pablo Muñoz Vega, S.J., archbishop of Quito. Transferred to see of Machala, January 30, 1978. Promoted to archbishop coadjutor, with right of succession, of Quito, June 28, 1980. Succeeded to metropolitan see of Quito, June 1, 1985.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Maria in Via, February 21, 2001.

Birth. October 11, 1939, Bródkach, diocese of Poznan, Poland.

Education. Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (doctorate in canon law).

Priesthood. Ordained, May 27, 1963. At the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature, notary, 1972-1977; chancellor, 1977-1982; secretary, July 1982-1998. Chaplain of His Holiness, December 6, 1977.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Agropoli, December 21, 1982. Consecrated, January 6, 1983, Vatican City, by John Paul II. Promoted to archbishop, December 16, 1991. Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature, October 5, 1998. Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Educationand Grand chancellor of the Pontifical Gregorian University, Novembrer 15, 1999. Doctorate honoris causa, Catholic Academy of Theology, 1998; Catholic University of Lublin, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of S. Nicola in Carcere, February 21, 2001.

Birth. August 13, 1920, Saint-Brice-en-Coglès, archdiocese of Rennes, France.

Education. Collège of Saint-Malo, Saint-Malo; Major Seminary of Rennes, Rennes; Institut Catholique, Paris (doctorate in theology; thesis on the spirituality of Cardinal John Henry Newman; diploma from Ecole Pratique de Hautes Études).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 29, 1943. Professor of letters in the collhges Saint-Vincent, Rennes (1945) and of Saint-Malo (1946-1947); professor of dogmatic theology and cathequesis, Major Seminary of Rennes (1948-1958); secretary general of the National Commission for Religious Education and director of the National Center of Religious Teaching (1958-1964). Domestic prelate, November 19, 1964 (title changed to prelate of honor in 1968). Rector of the Catholic University of the West in Angers (1964-1972).

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Evreux, October 24, 1972. Consecrated, December 17, 1972, Evreux, by Cardinal Paul-Joseph-Marie Gouyon, archbishop of Rennes. Promoted to metropolitan see of Tours, August 13, 1981. Member of the editorial board of the Catechism of the Catholic Church, published in 1992. Resigned pastoral government of archdiocese, July 23, 1997.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Maria della Salute a Primavalle, February 21, 2001.

Birth. August 8, 1934, Montenegro, archdiocese of Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Education. Joined the Order of the Friars Minor (Franciscans); Seminary Seráfico São Francisco, Taquari; Convent São Boaventura, Daltro Filho, Garibaldi (philosophy); Convent of Divinópolis, Divinópolis (theology); Pontifical Antonian Athenaeum, Rome (doctorate in philosophy; thesis: Renovação das provas tradicionais da existência de Deus por Maurice Blondel em l'Action [1893]); Institut Oecuménique, Bossey, Geneva, Switzerland (especialization in Ecumenism).

Priesthood. Ordained, August 3, 1958, Divinópolis. Further studies, Rome, 1959-1963. Further studies, Geneva, Switzerland, 1968.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Carcabia and appointed coadjutor with right of succession of Santo André, March 22, 1975. Consecrated, May 25, 1975, Porto Alegre, by Aloísio Leo Arlindo Lorscheider, archbishop of Fortaleza. Succeeded to the see of Santo André, December 29, 1975. Attended V Ordinary Assembly of World Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26-October 25, 1980. Promoted to metropolitan see of Fortaleza, May 29, 1996. Attended Special Assembly for America of World Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 16-December 12, 1997. Transferred to metropolitan see of São Paulo, April 15, 1998. Grand Chancellor of the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Antonio da Padova in Via Merulana, February 21, 2001.

Birth. February 26, 1933, Lviv, Ukraine. Left the country with his parents during World War II in 1944.

Education. Catholic University of America, Washington; Fordham University, New York; Pontifical Urbanian University, Rome (doctorate in theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, March 30, 1958, Stamford, United States. Ordained, March 30, 1958 for the eparchy of Stamford of the Ukrainians, Connecticut, United States. From 1958 to 1969, faculty member, St. Basil's College Seminary, Stamford. From 1966-1969, pastor at Kerhonkson. Further studies, Rome, 1969 to 1972. Entered the Monastery of "Studiti", 1973; superior of the Monastery "Studion", Grottaferrata, Italy, 1974.

Episcopate. Consecrated bishop, April 2, 1977, Castelgandolfo, by Cardinal Josyf Slipyj, archbishop major ofe Lviv of the Ukrainians, without papal approval. Named Archimandrite of the Studiti Monks in Europe and America, 1978. Named vicar general of the Archbishop Major of the Ukrainians, Cardinal Myroslav Lubachivsky, then in Rome. Organized a new monastery of Studiti monks in the eparchy of Ternopil, Ukraine, 1994. Elected by the Synod of Bishops of the Ukrainian Church exarch of the archepiscopal exarchy of Kyiv-Vyshorod, Ukraine, 1995. Confirmed and nominated to titular see of Nisa di Licia, February 22, 1996. Named auxiliary of the archbishop major of Lviv of the Ukraininas, by the Synod of Bishops of the Ukrainian Church, October 14, 1996 as coadjutor with special delegations in the pastoral goverment of the archdiocese. Named by Pope John Paul II apostolic administrator sede vacante et ad nutum Sanctae Sedis of the major archbishopric of Lviv of the Ukrainians, December 23, 2000. Elected archbishop major of Lviv of the Ukrainians, January 25, 2001. Election confirmed by the Pope, January 26, 2001.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Sofia a Via Boccea, February 21, 2001.

Birth. August 21, 1926, Lviv, Ukraine.

Education. Lviv Major Seminary (moved to Kalvary Zebrzydovska, Poland); Jagellonian University, Kraków (doctorate theology); Lublin Catholic University, Lublin (doctorate in philosophy); Warsaw Theological Academy (doctorate in the philosophy of religion).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 25, 1950, Kraków. Vicar of Bashnia parish, Lubachiv, 1950-1952; vicar of Poronin parish, and further studies in Kraków, 1952-1954; further studies in Lublin and Warsaw, 1954-1965. Secretary of the Scientific Council of the Episcopate of Poland, 1970-1984. Dean of the Pontifical Theological Department, Kraków, 1976-1981. Prelate of honor, December 14, 1976. Rector of the Pontifical Theological Academy, Kraków, 1981-1987.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Lambesi and appointed apostolic administrator of Lviv for territories within Poland (Lubachiv), May 21, 1984. Consecrated, June 23, 1984, Kraków, by Cardinal Franciszek Macharski, archbishop of Kraków. Doctor Honoris Causa of Bonn University, Germany, 1985. Promoted to metropolitan see of Lviv of the Latins, January 16, 1991. Elected the President of Conference of Roman Catholic Bishops of Ukraine, 1992. Apostolic Administrator of Lutsk, 1996-1998. Rector of the Major Theological Seminary, Lviv-Briuhovychi, 1997.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal and reserved in pectore, February 21, 1998; published, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Sisto, February 21, 2001.

Birth. March 5, 1933, Heidenheim/Brenz, diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart, Germany.

Education. Seminary of Tübingen, Tübingen (philosophy and doctorate in theology); Seminary of Münich, Münich (theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, April 6, 1957, Rotteburg. Vicar, parish of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Stuttgart, 1957-1958. Faculty member, Theological Seminary of Tübingen, 1958-1961; further studies, 1961. Assistant of Professor Dr. Leo Scheffczyk (created Cardinal in the same consistory) and of Professor Dr. Hans Küng, in Tübingen. Professor of dogmatic theology in Münster, 1961-1969. Dean of the Faculty of Theology in Münster, 1969. Professor of dogmactic theoloy and dean of the Theological Faculty, Tübingen, 1970. Visiting professor, Washington, United States, 1983. Member of the Heidelberger Academy of Science, 1985. Attended II Extraordinary Assembly of World Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 24-December 8,1985; secretary.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Rottenberg-Stuttgart, April 4, 1987; confirmed by Pope John Paul II, April 17, 1987. Consecrated, June 17, 1989, Rottenburg, by Oskar Saier, archbishop of Freiburg im Brisgau. Co-president of the Catholic-Lutheran Commission for the Promotion of Christian Unity, 1994. Secretary of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity, March 16, 1999. Resigned pastoral government of diocese, May 31, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of Ognissanti in Via Appia Nuova, February 21, 2001.

Birth. May 16, 1936, Sigmaringen, archdiocese of Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.

Education. Seminary of Freiburg, Freiburg (theology and philosophy); Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (doctorates in philosophy and theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, October 10, 1963, Rome. Assistant of Fr. Karl Rahner, S.J., Münich, 1964-1967; 1967-1968. Further studies, Rome, 1967. Professor of dogmatic theology, Mainz, 1968-1971; of dogmatic and ecumenical theology, Freiburg, 1971-1983. Prelate of honor, March 26, 1979.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Mainz, June 21, 1983. Consecrated, October 2, 1983, Mainz, by Cardinal Hermann Volk, bishop emeritus of Mainz. Elected vice-president of German Episcopal Conference, 1985; president, 1987- . Elected vice-president of European Episcopal Conference, 1993.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Leone I, February 21, 2001.

Birth. July 7, 1930, New York, United States.

Education. Seminary "Saint Joseph", Dunwoodie, New York; Catholic University of America, Washington (master in history and doctorate in sociology).

Priesthood. Ordained, May 31, 1958. Further studies, Washington, 1958-1963; during his vacations, directed the Institute for Spanish Studies, Catholic University of Puerto Rico, Ponce, established to propagate the knowledge of Spanish language and Puerto Rican culture among the priests and religious of the New York area. From 1961-1963, dean of students, Catholic University of America and faculty member of the Graduate School and the College of Arts and Sciences; assitant to the president and first Director of Development. President of the Catholic University of Puerto Rico, October 1965 to 1969; had an active participation in several educational institutions of Puerto Rico. Domestic prelate, November 10, 1965 (title changed to Prelate of Honor, 1968). Secretary adjunct for Education in the archdiocese of New York and pastorsal work in Most Blessed Sacrament parish, 1969-1971; founded the Cardinal's Committee for Education and the Inner City Scholarship Fund, to promoted the education of the poor particularly among minorities. Secretary to Cardinal Terence James Cooke, 1971-1977.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Rusubisir and appointed auxiliary of New York, May 24, 1977. Consecrated, June 29, 1977, New York, by Cardinal Terence James Cooke, archbishop of New York. Named Episcopal vicar for Education. Transferred to newly established see of Metuchen, New Jersey, November 19, 1981. Promoted to metropolitan see of Newark, May 30, 1986. Superior of the sui iuris mission of Turks and Caicos. Transferred to metropolitan see of Washington, November 21, 2000.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of Ss. Nereo ed Achilleo, February 21, 2001.

Birth. January 31, 1923, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Education. Seminary of Villa Devoto, Buenos Aires; Pontifical University of S. Tommaso, Rome, (doctorate in theology); Pontifical Biblical Institute, Rome (licentiate in biblical science); Biblical School of Jerusalem (advanced courses).

Priesthood. Ordained, September 22, 1945. Pastoral work, parish of Santa Rosa de Lima, Buenos Aires. Further studies, Rome. Professor of Sacred Scripture, and also of Biblical Greek, Hebrew and archeology, Theological Faculty, Catholic University of Argentina; professor of Sacred Scripture, "Instituto de Cultura Religiosa Superior" and in the Instituto de Ciencias Sagradas", Marist Brothers. Director of the Catholic journal Criterio, 1956-1977. Further studies, Jerusalem; guest professor in Ecumenical Institute of Higher Theological Studies, Tantur, Israel. Attended II Vatican Council (1962-1965) as an expert. Director of the Commission on Ecumenism of the archdiocese of Buenos Aires, 1966. Secretary of the Departament of Ecumenism of the Latin American Episcopal Council (CELAM), 1967. President of the executive committe of the World Catholic Federation for Biblical Apostolate, 1969-1972. Secretary of the Pontifical Commission for the relations with Judaism in the Secretariat for Christian Unity, 1977. Chaplain of His Holiness, September 20, 1978

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Apollonia and appointed vice-president of Pontifical Commission Iustitia et Pax, March 8, 1986. Consecrated, April 12, 1986, Rome, by Cardinal Roger Etchegaray, president of Pontifical Commission Iustitia et Pax and of Pontifical Council Cor Unum. Promoted to archbishop and apppointed secretary of Congregation for Bishops, March 5, 1994. Secretary of College of Cardinals, March 10, 1994. Archivist and Librarian of the Holy Roman Church, March 7, 1998.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of S. Girolamo della Carità, February 21, 2001.

Birth. August 24, 1932, Reading, diocese of Portsmouh, England.

Education. Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (licentiate in theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, October 28, 1956, Rome. Incardinated in the diocese of Portsmouth. From 1957 to 1966, vicar in the parish of "Corpus Christi", Portsmouth and of the Sacred Heart, Fareham. Later, from 1966 to 1969, secretary to Bishop Worlock. From 1969 to 1971, pastor of the Immaculate Conception parish, Southampton. From 1971 until his episcopal appointment, rector of the "Venerabile Collegio Inglese", Rome. Prelate of honor, March 10, 1972.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Arundel and Brighton, November 17, 1977. Consacrated, December 21, 1977, Arundel, by Michael Bowen, archbishop of Southwark. Since 1983 he has been Co-Chairman of the Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission. Apostolic Visitor to Irish Seminaries. Promoted to metropolitan see of Westminster, February 15, 2000. Elected president of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales, November 2000.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Maria sopra Minerva, February 21, 2001.

Birth. March 8, 1941, Swartberg, diocese of Kokstad, South Africa.

Education. Joined the Order of the Friars Minor (Franciscans), Ireland; Louvain University, Louvian, Belgium.

Priesthood. Ordained, July 25, 1970. Missionary during 8 years, learning several African languages of his area.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Kokstad, November 29, 1980. Consecrated, February 28, 1981, Kokstad, by Denis Eugene Hurley, O.M.I., archbishop of Durban. President of the South African Conference of Bishops, 1987-1994, the critical years when the country abolished apartheid and elected its first black president, Nelson Mandela. Outspoken defender of human rights. Promoted to metropolitan see of Durban, May 29, 1992. Apostolic administrator sede vacante et ad nutum Sanctae Sedis of Umzimkulu.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Francesco dAssisi ad Acilia, February 21, 2001.

Birth. April 17, 1928, Huê, Viêt Nam. Nephew of the late Ngo Dinh Diem, president of the former Republic of South Viêt Nam.

Education.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 11, 1953.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Nha Trang, April 13, 1967. Consecrated, June 4, 1967, Hué, by Angelo Palmas, titular archbishop of Vibiana, apostolic delegate in Viêt Nam. Promoted to titular archbishop of Vadesi and appointed coajutor of Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, April 24, 1975. Jailed by the Communist regime, 1975-1988, spent 9 years in isolation. Declared persona non grata by the government of Viêt Nam during a visit to Rome in 1991, where he remained. Resigned coadjutorship, November 24, 1994. Vice-president of the Pontifical Council Iustitia et Pax, November 24, 1994; president, June 24, 1998. Preached the Lent Spiritual Exrecises for the Pope and the Roman Curia, March 12-18, 2000.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of S. Maria della Scala, February 21, 2001. Viêt Nam's Foreign Ministry eased restrictions and the Cardinal would face only routine immigration procedures when entering the country and would be afforded all the privileges normally given to overseas citizens, February 27, 2001.

Birth. March 18, 1933, Salgareda, diocese of Treviso, Italy.

Education.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 29, 1957.

Episcopate. Elected bishop coadjutor of Fossano, April 3, 1980. Consecrated, May 17, 1980, Casale Monferrato, by Cardinal Anastasio Alberto Ballestrero, archbishop of Turin. Succeeded to see of Fossano, October 29, 1980. Transferred to see of Asti, March 16, 1989. Promoted to metropolitan see of Turin, June 18, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of S. Giuseppe in via Trionfale, pro hace vice title, February 21, 2001.

Birth. February 26, 1936, Alvorninha, patriarchate of Lisbon, Portugal.

Education. Seminary of Santarém, Santarém; Seminary of Almada, Almada; Major Seminary "Cristo-Rei", of the Olivais (philosophy and theology); Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (licentiate in dogmatic theology with a thesis on the theology of non-Christian religions); Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (doctorate in theology; thesis "Sinais dos Tempos").

Priesthood. Ordained, August 15, 1961. Rector of the Seminary of the Olivais, 1970-1997. Faculty member, Faculty of Theology, Catholic University of Portugal, 1970-1986. Director of the Faculty of Theology, Catholic University of Portugal (1974/1980; 1985/1988). Member of the Superior Council of the Catholic University of Portugal.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Caliabria and appointed auxiliary of Lisbon. Consecrated, June 29, 1978, Lisbon, by Cardinal António Ribeiro, patriarch of Lisbon. President of the Organizing Comission of the Regional Center of Porto, Catholic University of Portugal, 1985-1987. Rector of the Catholic University of Portugal, 1988-1992 and 1992-1996. Promoted to archbishop coadjutor of Lisbon, with right of succession, March 27, 1997. Succeeded as the 16th patriarch of Lisbon, March 24, 1998. Grand chancellor of the Catholic University of Portugal, March 1998- . President of the Portuguese Episcopal Conference, April 13, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Antonio in Campo Marzio, February 21, 2001.

Birth. April 18, 1929, Ozieri, Sardinia, Italy.

Education.

Priesthood. Ordained, December 23, 1951. Dean of the Tribunal of the Roman Rota, 1993. President of the Disciplinary Commission of the Roman Curia. President of the Annulment Court of Vatican City State.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Bisarcio, November 29, 1997. Consecrated, January 6, 1998, Vatican City, by John Paul II. Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature, November 16, 1999. President of the Commission for the Advocates ad quinquennium, March 7, 2000.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of Annunciazione della B.V.M. a Via Ardeatina, February 21, 2001.

Birth. November 14, 1930, Nautreni, archdiocese of Riga, Latvia.

Education. Theological Seminary, Riga; Seminary is closed by Soviet authorities, January 18, 1951; persecution of the Catholic Church increases. Archbishop Antonijs Springovics of Riga decided (with papal permission) to ordain all students of 3rd year and up.

Priesthood. Ordained, March 29, 1951, in secret by Archbishop Antonijs Springovics in his private chapel. Pastoral work in Zosna (vicar), July 3, 1951 - September 22, 1953; vicar in Berzos, September 22, 1953 - October 13, 1954; pastor in in Rudzatu, October 13, 1954 - April 8, 1957; pastor in Stirniene, April 8, 1957 - February 28, 1958; vicar and pastor in several parishes in Riga, February 28, 1958 - October 11, 1966; From October 11, 1966 to November 9, 1979, faculty member of Theologicasl Seminary of Riga and vicar of St. Franciskus Seminary Church. Chaplain of His Holiness, November 14, 1972. Inspector of Theological Seminary of Riga, October 28, 1974. Vicar general of archdiocese of Riga, from November 9, 1979 to December 27, 1984; concurrently, since 1981, archpriest of Cathedral of St. Jacob, Riga. Secretary of the liturgical commission and vicar at St. Franciskus Seminary Church, December 27, 1984 - December 22, 1987. Inspector of the Theological Seminary of Riga, October 9, 1986; faculty member and dean of deanate of Riga, December 22, 1987 - June 1, 1991. Prelate of honor, February 23, 1988. Pastor at "Kristus Karala" in Riga, January 26, 1989. Head of the commission for the implementation of the liturgical reform of the II Vatican Council in the Latvian parishes. Published the first Missal in Latvian language.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Riga, May 8, 1991. Consecrated, June 1, 1991, Riga, by Francesco Colasuonno, titular archbishop of Tronto, representative of the Holy See in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal and reserved in pectore, February 21, 1998; published, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Silvia, February 21, 2001.

Birth. January 30, 1934, Borno, diocese of Brescia, Italy.

Education. Seminary of Brescia, Brescia; Pontifical Gregorian University (doctorate in canon law); Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy (Vatican school of diplomacy).

Priesthood. Ordained, March 3, 1957, Brescia. Further sutdies, Rome, 1957-1960. In Brescia, 1960-1961, faculty member of its seminary and pastoral work. Further studies, Rome, 1962-1963. Joined Vatican diplomatic service, July 1, 1963. Secretary of nunciature in Panamá, 1963-1967. Privy chamberlain supernumerary, January 7, 1964 (title changed to chaplain of His Holiness when the Curia was reformed in 1967). Secretary of nunctiature in Iran, 1967-1971. Recalled to the Vatican and promoted to auditor of nunciature, 2nd class, worked at Secretariat of State and secretary to Giovanni Benelli, titular archbishop of Tusuro, substitute of Secretariat of State (1971-1977). Auditor, 1st class, 1974. Counselor of nunciature, 1976. Assessor of Secretariat of State, December 1, 1979.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Vescovio and appointed secretary of S.C. for Bishops, October 9, 1987. Consecrated, November 7, 1987, Vatican City, by Pope John Paul II. Substitute of Secretariat of State, section of General Affairs, December 12, 1989. Prefect of Congregation for Bishops and president of Pontifical Commission for Latin America, September 16, 2000.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of SS. XII Apostoli, February 21, 2001.

Birth. December 29, 1942, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.

Education. Joined the Pious Society of St. Francis de Sales (Salesians of Don Bosco).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 28, 1970.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Pudenziana and appointed auxiliary of Tegucigalpa, October 28, 1978. Consecrated, December 8, 1978, Tegucigalpa, by Gabriel Montalvo, titular archbishop of Celene, nuncio en Honduras. Promoted to metropolitan see of Tegucigalpa, January 8, 1993. Secretary general and president of the Episcopal Council of Latin America (CELAM). President of the Episcopal Conference of Honduras, 1999-2001.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Maria della Speranza, February 21, 2001.

Birth. September 13, 1932, Cartago, Colombia.

Education. Seminary of Popayán, Popayán (philosophy); University of Laval, Québec, Canada (theology); Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. (Catechetics); ILADES, Santiago de Chile, Chile (social doctrine of the Church).

Priesthood. Ordained, July 8, 1956, Cali.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Cúcuta, June 2, 1971. Consecrated, July 11, 1972, Cali, by Angelo Palmas, titular archbishop of Vibiana, nuncio in Colombia. Promoted to archbishop coadjutor, with right of succession, of Cali, March 26, 1983. Succeeded to metropolitan see of Cali, February 7, 1985. President of the Episcopal Conference of Colombia, 1990-1993 and 1993-1996. Apostolic administrador of Popayán, April 1990 to January 1991.Transferred to metropolitan see of Bogotá and primate of Colombia, December 27, 1994.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of Trasfigurazione di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo, February 21, 2001.

Birth. January 6, 1932, Gagos, diocese of Guarda, Portugal.

Education. Joined the Congregation of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Claretians).

Priesthood. Ordained, March 16, 1957.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Tuburnica and appointed secretary of Congregation for Catholic Education, May 26, 1988. Consecrated, July 2, 1988, Rome, by Cardinal Agostino Casaroli, secretary of State. Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints, May 30, 1998.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of Nostra Signora del Sacro Cuore, February 21, 2001.

Birth. February 21, 1920, Beuthen, archdiocese of Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland).

Education. University of Breslau, Breslau; Philosophical-Theological Faculty, Freising; University of Münich, Münich (doctorate in theology).

Pristhood. Ordained, June, 29, 1947, Münich. Pastoral work in Grafing (vicar) and Traunwalchen (administrator). Subregent of Seminary in Königstein, 1948-1951. Faculty member, Philosophical-Theological Faculty, Königstein, 1952-1957. Habilitation (venia legendi) in theology, 1957. Professor of Dogmatic Theology, Philosophical-Theological Faculty, Königstein, 1957-1962; at the University of Tübingen, 1959-1965; at the University of Münich, 1965-1985. Member of Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Prelate of honor of His Holiness, September 11, 1978. Member of the Pontifical International Marian Academy, 1980 and of the Pontifical Roman Theological Academy, 1980. Incardinated in the archdiocese of Münich und Freising after jurisdictional reorganization of former German dioceses in the East, January 1, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of S. Francesco Saverio alla Garbatella, February 21, 2001.

Birth. April 11, 1931, Montemonaco, diocese of San Benedetto del Tronto, Ripatransone-Montalto, Italy.

Education. Episcopal Seminary of Ascoli Piceno, Ascoli Piceno; Archiepiscopal Seminary of Fermo, Fermo; Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (licentiate in theology); Pontifical Lateran University, Rome (doctorate in canon law); Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, Rome (diplomacy).

Priesthood. Ordained, July 15, 1956, Fermo. Further studies, Rome, 1956-1960. Secretary of nunciature in Perú, 1960-1962; in nunciature in Brazil, 1962-1966; auditor in nunciature in Chile, 1966-1967. Recalled to the Vatican as secretary of Cardinals Amleto Giovanni Cicognani and Jean Villot, secretaries of State, and later a head of the secretariat of the Sostituto, 1967-1974. Counselor of nunciature in France with special charge before the Council of Europe, 1974-1976. Prelate of honor, April 30, 1974.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Cesarea di Mauritania and appointed pro-nuncio in Madagascar and Mauritius and apostolic delegate in La Reunion and the Comore Island, September 27, 1976. Consecrated, October 30, 1976, Vatican City, by Cardinal Jean Villot, secretary of State. Nuncio in Turkey, January 8, 1985. Secretay General of the Council of Presidency of the Central Committee for the Great Jubilee of the Year 2000, November 16, 1994. President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See, November 3, 1997.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of S. Eustachio, February 21, 2001.

Birth. June 2, 1943, Carinaro, diocese of Aversa, Italy.

Education.

Priesthood. Ordained, March 12, 1967. Prelate of honor, October 10, 1987.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Grado, April 2, 1992. Consecrated, April 26, 1992, Vatican City, by Pope John Paul II. Secretary General of the Committee of the Great Jubilee of the Year 2000 and its Council of Presidency. President of the Peregrinatio ad Petri Sedem.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of Dio Padre misericordioso, February 21, 2001.

Birth. March 7, 1936, Vallegrande, diocese of Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.

Education. Joined the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists).

Pristhood. Ordained, July 29, 1962.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Apisa maggiore and appointed auxiliary of La Paz, April 15, 1978. Consecrated, June 8, 1978, Vallegrande, by Cardinal José Clemente Maurer, C.SS.R., archbishop of Sucre. Transferred to see of Oruro, January 9, 1982. Promoted to metropolitan see of Santa Cruz de la Sierra, February 6, 1991.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Giovanni Battista de Rossi, February 21, 2001.

Birth. April 19, 1921, Naples, Italy.

Education. Entered the Society of Jesus in Italy, October 1, 1936.

Pristhood. Ordained, August 24, 1950. President of the Management Committee of Vatican Radio.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and deaconry of S. Ignazio di Loyola a Campo Marzio, February 21, 2001.

Birth. January 17, 1929, Acarigua, diocese of Guanare, Venezuela.

Education. Joined the Pious Society of St. Francis de Sales (Salesians of Don Bosco). Minor Seminary of La Vega; (high school and Latin); Salesian Noviciate of Santa María (Los Teques); professed, August 25, 1945; Salesian Philosophate, Boleíta (Caracas); teaching internship, Minor Seminary, Bolea; Salesian University of Turin, Turin, Italy (licentiates in philosophy and pedagogy); perpetual vows, July 30, 1951, Valdocco, Turin; Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome (licentiate in theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, December 17, 1955, Rome.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Utimmira and appointed apostolic vicar of Puerto Ayacucho, October 23, 1989. Consecrated, January 6, 1990, Vatican City, by Pope John Paul II. Attended IX Ordinary Assembly of World Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 2-29, 1994. Promoted to metropolitan see of Caracas, May 27, 1995.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Maria Domenica Mazzarello, February 21, 2001.

Birth. May 29, 1927, Parur, archieparchy of Ernakulam-Angamaly of the Syro-Malabars, India.

Education.

Priesthhod. Ordained, June 12, 1954.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Acrida, November 11, 1996. Consecrated, January 6, 1997, Vatican City, by Pope John Paul II. Transferred to titular see of Antinoe and appointed apostolic administrator, sede vacante and ad nutum Sanctae Sedis, of Ernakulam-Angamaly of the Syro-Malabars, April 19, 1997. Promoted to archbishop major of Ernakulam-Angamaly of the Syro-Malabars, December 23, 1999.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, February 21, 2001; received red biretta and title of S. Bernardo alle Terme, February 21, 2001.

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