Birth. December 9, 1828, Montefiscone. His baptismal name was Giovanni. Received the sacrament of confirmation, October 12, 1834.

Education. Entered the order of Preachers. Master in theology, (no further schooling information found).

Priesthood. Ordained, September 24, 1853, Viterbo. For thirteen years, lector in various colleges of his order; prior in several convents of his order; vicar general of congregation of the order, S. Marco, Florence.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Rieti, December 22, 1871. Consecrated, January 14, 1872, Viterbo. Transferred to the see of Osimo e Cingoli, June 1, 1888. Promoted to the archepiscopal see of Ferrara, June 12, 1893.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of May 18, 1894; received red hat and title of S. Bartolomeo all'Isola, May 21, 1893. Opted for title of S. Maria sopra Minerva, December 2, 1895.

Death. March 13, 1896, Ferrara. Exposed in the metropolitan cathedral of Ferrara and buried, temporarily, in the city's cemetery.

Birth. June 17, 1833, Quintana del Vidio, diocese of Osma, Spain. Of a humble and poor family. Son of Ambrosio Sancha and Baltasara Hervás; she died when Ciriaco María was ten years old. He was so ill at birth that his parents decided to administer him and emergency batism the same day he was born.

Education. Seminary of Burgos, Burgos, 1852-1861; Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca (licentiate in theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 27, 1858, chapel of the bishopric of Osma, by Vicente Horcos y San Martín, bishop of Osma. Lector of philosophy in the Seminary of Osma, 1858-1862. In the archdiocese of Santiago de Cuba, June 8, 1862-1876, chancellor-secretary, 1862; professor of moral theology in its seminary; founder of the Congregation of the Sisters of Charity, August 5, 1869. While the archdiocese was vacant because of the death of the archbishop (1868), the Republican Spanish government named, without the consent of the Holy See, Fr. Pedro Llorente Miguel as successor in 1873. Both Msgr. José María Orberá Carrión, vicar capitular, and his secretary, Msgr. Sancha, opposed the nomination and were jailed. The schism ended in 1874.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Areopolis and appointed auxiliary of Toledo, with residence in Madrid, January 28, 1876. Consecrated, March 12, 1876, collegiate church of San Isidro, Madrid, by Cardinal Juan e la Cruz Ignacio Moreno y Maisonave, archbishop of Toledo, assisted by Pedro José Sáchez Carrascosa y Carrión, C.O., bishop of Avila, and by José Oliver y Hurtado, bishop of Pamplona. In the same ceremony was consecrated José María Orberá y Carrión, bishop of Almería, future cardinal. Transferred to the see of Avila, March 27, 1882. Transferred to the see of Madrid y Alcalá de Henares, June 10, 1886. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, May 4, 1888. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Valencia, July 11, 1892.

Birth. June 13, 1851, Montegranaro, archdiocese of Fermo. Received the sacrament of confirmation, April 16, 1861.

Education. Seminary of Fermo, Fermo; Pontifical Pio Seminary, Rome; Pontifical Roman Athenaeum "S. Apollinare", Rome (doctorates in theology and utroque iuris, August 8, 1879).

Priesthood. Ordained, April 4, 1874, Rome. Socius of the Academy of S. Tommaso d'Aquino, Rome, August 8, 1879. In archdiocese of Fermo, professor of theology and canon law of its seminary; honorary canon of the cathedral chapter. 1879-1891. Professor of civil law at the Pontifical Roman Atheaneum "S. Apollinare", 1891. Privy chamberlain supernumerary of His Holiness. Spiritual director of the Pontifical Urbanian Athenaeum of Propaganda Fide, Rome; and of the nun of S. Cuore a Trinità dei Monti.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Forlì, May 23, 1887. Consecrated, June 29, 1887, Rome, by Cardinal Giovanni Simeoni.

Birth. August 13, 1850, Lalatta, Pratopiano, diocese of Parma.

Education. Seminary of Parma, Parma.

Priesthood. Ordained, December 20, 1873, Parma. In the diocese of Parma, 1874-1890, episcopal delegate (office of pastor) of Mariano, February 1874; coadjutor of the archpriest of Fornovo di Taro, July 4, 1874; vicar curate of S.Leonardo, 1875; vice-rector of its seminary and professor of physics and mathematics, 1875; rector, 1877; professor of fundamental theology, ecclesiastical history and moral theology, 1878; published Summula theologiae dogmaticae generalis, 1885; reprinted several times.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Guastalla, May 29, 1890. Consecrated, June 29, 1890, Rome, by Cardinal Lucido Maria Parocchi, vicar general of Rome. Transferred to the see of Como, May 29, 1891.

Birth. August 31, 1836, Poggio Ginolfo, diocese of Marsi. Of a noble and rich family.

Education. Jesuit school, Tivoli; Roman Seminary, Rome (doctorate in theology); La Sapienza University, Rome (doctorate in law).

Priesthood. Ordained, December 20, 1860. Professor of dogma, Pontifical Roman Athenaeum of S. Apollinare, Rome, 1869. Minutant of the S.C. of Propaganda Fide and later, divisional director of Oriental affairs. Canonist of the Apostolic Penitentiary and canon of the chapter of Santa Maria in Trastevere, 1881. Under-secretary of the S.C. of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, November 19, 1881. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, 1884. Auditor of the nunciature in Spain, 1884; chargé d'affaires, 1887. Auditor of the Sacred Roman Rota, February 13, 1888. Regent of the Apostolic Penitentiary, November 14, 1888. Secretary of the S.C. of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, July 13, 1891. Canon of the chapter of the patriarchal Vatican basilica, 1893. Assessor of the Supreme S.C. of the Holy Office, June 20, 1893.