Birth. January 8, 1831, Montescourt-Lizerolles, diocese of Soissons, France.

Education. Minor Seminary of Compiègne, Compiègne; Major Seminary of Beauvais, Beauvais.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 24, 1855, Compiègne. Faculty member, Minor Seminary, Dijon, 1855-1858; vicar of the cathedral of Beauvais, 1858-1872; chaplain in the French Army during the Franco-German War; pastor of the church of Saint-Antoine, Compiègne, 1872-1886.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Dijon, June 10, 1886. Consecrated, July 11, 1886, church of Saint-Antoine, Compiègne, by Joseph-Majence Péronne, bishop of Beauvais, assisted by François de Forges, titular bishop of Taenaros and auxiliary bishop of Rennes, and by François Douboin, titular bishop of Rafanea. Promoted to metropolitan see of Bordeaux, June 26, 1890.

Birth. February 8, 1834, Naples.

Education. Entered the Congregation of the Regular Clerics of St. Paul. (No schooling information found).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 6, 1857. For many years lector of theology in the Roman college of his order; general procurator of his order, 1877-1891. Secretary of the S.C. of Bishops and Regulars, December 31, 1891 (or January 8, 1892).

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Cesarea in Palestina, March 29, 1892. Consecrated, April 3, 1892, Rome, by Cardinal Raffaele Monaco La Valletta, Theat.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 12, 1893; received red hat and title of Ss. Quirico e Giulitta, June 15, 1893.

Death. January 8, 1896, Rome. Exposed in the church of Ss. Carlo e Biagio ai Catinari, Rome, and buried in the tomb of the Congregation of the Clerics Regular of Saint Paul, Campo Verano cemetery, Rome.

Birth. December 9, 1827, Lubro, parish of Saint-Étienne-de-Lugdarès, diocese of Viviers, France.

Education. Joined the Institute of the Oratory of St. Philip of Neri. Doctorate in theology (1857); doctorate in letters (1858). (No further schooling information found).

Priesthood. Ordained, September 20, 1851, Paris. Professor of canon law for ten years, La Sorbonne University; secretary of the archbishop of Tours; examiner of the ordinants, Paris; vicar general of Algiers and of Périgueaux.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Rodez, October 27, 1871. Consecrated, November 30, 1871, church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris, by Joseph-Hippolyte Guibert, archbishop of Paris, assisted by Jean-Paul Lyonnet, archbishop of Albi, and by Nicolas-Joseph Dabert, bishop of Périgueaux. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, February 13, 1880.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 12, 1893; received red hat and title of S. Maria Nuova e S. Francesca in Foro Romano, May 21, 1894.

Death. July 10, 1896, Rodez. Exposed and buried in the cathedral of Rodez.

Bibliography. "Bourret (Joseph-Christian-Ernest)", La Grande Encyclopédie, inventaire raisonné des sciences, des lettres et des arts, par une société de savants et de gens de lettres. 31 vols. Paris : Larousse, 1886-1902, VII, 816; Chapeau, O.S.B. André and Fernand Combaluzier, C.M. Épiscopologe français des temps modernes, 1592-1973. Paris : Letouzey et Ané, 1974, p. 207-208.

Birth. March 27, 1824, Uj-Arad, diocese of Csanad, Hungary. Received the sacrament of confirmation, May 8, 1835.

Education. Received the insignias of the clerical character and the minor orders, December 15, 1846; subdiaconate, December 21, 1846; diaconate, January 2, 1847. University of Budapest, Hungary (doctorate in theology, January 30, 1867).

Priesthood. Ordained, April 3, 1847. In the diocese of Csanad, cooperator in several parishes for five years; professor of theology in its seminary; pastor in Merczyfalva, and Gyarnatha, for thirteen years; canon of the cathedral chapter, 1872.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Szatmár (now Satu Mare, Romania), July 25, 1873. Consecrated, September 21, 1873, Esztergom, by János Simor, archbishop of Esztergom. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, July 30, 1886. Transferred to the see of Nagyvárad of the Latins (now Orea Mare or Gran Varadino, Romania), May 26, 1887.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of June 12, 1893; received red hat and title of S. Giorlamo degli Schiavoni, May 21, 1894. Decorated with the grand cross of the Austrian Order of Sankt Stefan, 1897.

Death. July 10, 1902, Nagyvárad. Exposed and buried in the cathedral of Nagyvárad.

Birth. June 2, 1835, Riese, diocese of Treviso. Son of Giambattista Sarto and Margherita Sanson. Baptized, June 3, 1835, Riese; his baptismal name was Giuseppe Melchior. Received the sacrament of confirmation on September 1, 1848.

Education. Seminary of Padua, Padua. Received the insignias of the clerical character, September 20, 1851; minor orders, December 22, 1855 and June 6, 1857; subdiaconate, September 19, 1857; diaconate, February 27, 1858.

Priesthood. Ordained, September 18, 1858, Castelfranco, by Giovanni Antonio Farina, bishop of Treviso. In the diocese of Treviso, chaplain at Tombolo, 1858-1867; archpriest of Salzano, 1867-1875; canon of the cathedral chapter, 1875; spiritual director and rector of the seminary; examiner of the clergy; vicar-general; primicerius of the cathedral, 1879; for nine years spiritual director of its seminary; chancellor of the episcopal curia; prosynodal examiner; vicar capitular December 1879 - June 1880.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Matua, November 10, 1884. Consecrated, November 16, 1884, in the church of S. Apollinare, Rome, by Cardinal Lucido Maria Parocchi, vicar of Rome, assisted by Pietro Rota, titular archbishop of Tebe, and by Giovanni Maria Berengo, archbishop of Udine. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, June 19, 1891.