Birth. November 3, 1810, S. Stefano al Mare, diocese of Ventimiglia.

Education. Sapienza University, Rome (doctorate in utroque iuris, both civil and canon law, May 23, 1843).

Priesthood. Ordained, September 24, 1836, Rome. Further studies, Rome. Secretary of nunciature in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; auditor of nunciature in France and, later, chargé d'affaires of the Holy See; chamberlain supernumerary of His Holiness.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Damasco, September 22, 1864. Consecrated, September 25, 1864, Sistine Chapel, at the Vatican, by Pope Pius IX, assisted by Giuseppe Berardi, titular archbishop of Nicea, substitute of the Secretariat of State, and by Francesco Marinelli, O.S.A., titular bishop of Porfireone, papal sacristan. In the same ceremony was consecrated future Cardinal Gaspard Marmillod. Named nuncio before the Mexican Emperor, October 1, 1864. Apostolic delegate in Central America and the Mexican Empire, October 1, 1864. Nuncio in the Kingdom of Bavaria, October 26, 1866. Nuncio in the French Republic, July 10, 1874.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of September 19, 1879; received red hat and title of Ss. Silvestro e Martirio ai Monti in the consistory of February 27, 1880. Member of the Council for the Administration of the Wealth of the Apostolic See, December 21, 1880.

Death. March 31, 1883, Rome. Exposed in the Church of S. Maria in Portico and buried in his family's tomb in the cemetery of S. Stefano al Mare.

Birth. January 23 (1) , 1823, Brisighella, diocese of Faenza.

Education. Doctorate in philosophy (September 5, 1842) ; Pontifical Roman Seminary, Rome (doctorate in theology, September 12, 1846); Pontifical Academy of Ecclesiastical Nobles, Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, September 20, 1845. Further studies, Rome, 1845-1846. Domestic prelate of His Holiness. Canon of the patriarchal Lateran basilica. Internuncio in the Netherlands.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Ancyra, March 16, 1868. Consecrated, July 12, Rome, by Cardinal Costantino Patrizi Naro, vicar of Rome. Nuncio in Belgium, July 24, 1868. Secretary of the S.C. of the Council, April 27, 1875. Nuncio in Spain, February 20, 1877.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of September 19, 1879; received red hat and title of S. Balbina in the consistory of February 27, 1880. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Ravenna, September 22, 1879.

Death. February 14, 1887, at 1:30 a.m., after a long illness, Ravenna. Exposed in the metropolitan cathedral of Ravenna and buried, temporarily, in the city's cemetery.

Bibliography. "Cardinali defunti." La Gerarchia Cattolica e la Famiglia Pontificia per l'anno 1903, Città del Vaticano : Tipografia poliglotta vaticana, 1903, p. 186; L'Osservatore Romano [electronic resource]. Città del Vaticano : L'Osservatore Romano, XXVII, n. 37 (February 16, 1887), p. 3; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen VIII (1846-1903). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1979, pp. 29, 46, 99-100 and 477.

(1) This is according to Ritzler, Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, VIII, 99; "Cardinali defunti." La Gerarchia Cattolica e la Famiglia Pontificia per l'anno 1903, p. 186; and L'Osservatore Romano, XXVII, n. 37 (February 16, 1887), p. 3, say that he was born on January 13, 1823.

Birth. January 6, 1832, Genzano, diocese of Albano.

Education. Seminary of Albano, Albano. Sapienza University, Rome (doctorate in theology, July 20, 1857; doctorate in utroque iuris, both civil and canon law, June 25, 1858).

Priesthood. Ordained, September 23, 1854, Rome. Further studies, Rome, 1854-1858. Staff member of the secretariat of Ecclesiastical Affairs. Domestic prelate of His Holiness. Secretary of the S.C. of Propaganda Fide, Oriental rites. Secretary of the first commission for the preparation of the Syllabus, 1862. Ablegato in Spain. Canon of the patriarchal Lateran basilica, Rome. Referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Justice and of Grace. Protonotary apostolic de numero participantium. Charged with the gathering and publication in one volume of the answers of the world bishops to the questionnaire for the preparation of the ecumenical council, 1867. Secretary of the preparatory commission for the church discipline of the First Vatican Council; under secretary of the council, 1869-1870.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Tessalonica, March 20, 1874. Consecrated, March 24, 1874, Rome, by Cardinal Costantino Patrizi. Nuncio in Austria, March 27, 1874.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of September 19, 1879; received red hat and title of S. Maria della Vittoria in the consistory of December 16, 1880. Decorated with the grand cross of the Austrian Order of Sankt Stefan, 1880. Secretary of State and administrator of the Wealth of the Holy See, December 16, 1880 until his death.

Death. February 28, 1887, a few minutes after noon, Rome, of an illness that lasted nearly two years and that greatly diminished la possibilità di governo ed azione (1). Exposed in his cardinalitial title; and buried in the Chapel of the S.C. of Propaganda Fide, Campo Verano Cemetery, Rome. The solemn funeral, celebrated by Alessandro Sanminiatelli Zabarella, titular archbishop of Tiana, papal almoner, took place on March 6, 1887 at 10 a.m., in the church of S. Maria Traspontina with the attendance of twenty-one cardinals.

Bibliography. L'Osservatore Romano [electronic resource]. Città del Vaticano : L'Osservatore Romano, XXVII, n. 48 ( March 1, 1887), p. 3; XXVII, n. 49 (March 2, 1887), p. 1; XXVII, n. 53 (March 6, 1887), p. 3; Squicciarini, Donato. Nunzi apostolici a Vienna. Città del Vaticano : Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1998, pp. 222-224

Birth. June 27, 1809, Terracina. Received the sacrament of confirmation, June 10, 1815.

Education. Doctorate in utroque iuris, both canon and civil law.

Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Auditor of the nunciature in the Kingdom of Naples. Auditor of the nunciature in Portugal. Internuncio in Brazil.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Tarso, June 15, 1874. Consecrated, August 23, 1874, Rome, by Cardinal Alessandro Franchi. Named nuncio in Portugal, August 25, 1874.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of September 19, 1879; received red hat and title of S. Pudenziana in the consistory of February 27, 1880.

Death. Monday November 20, 1882, at 4:20 a.m., Rome. Exposed in his title, where the funeral took place on Thursday November 23, 1882, celebrated by Pierre-Hector Coullié, bishop of Orléans; at the end of the ceremony, Cardinal Camillo Di Pietro, bishop of Ostia e Velletri, dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals, imparted the absolution. The remians of the late cardinal were buried, temporarily, in Campo Verano Cemetery, Rome.

©1998-2008 Salvador Miranda.