(53) 1. SENTMENAT Y CASTELLÁ, Antonio de (1734-1806)
Birth. April 21, 1734, Barcelona, Spain. Baptized on that same day. His last name is also listed as Sentmanat Cartellá.
Education. University of Cervera, Cervera (doctorate in canon law).
Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Canon and archdeacon of the cathedral chapter of Barcelona. Archdeacon of Nendoz, archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela. Domestic prelate of His holiness. Auditor of the Sacred Roman Rota.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Avila, February 17, 1783. Consecrated, February 24, 1783, church of S. Maria di Montserrato, Rome, by Cardinal Francesco Saverio Zelada, assisted by Orazio Mattei, titular archbishop of Colosse, and by Giuseppe Contesini, titular archbishop of Atenia. Resigned government of the diocese, June 22, 1784. Promoted to the patriarchate of the West Indies, June 25, 1784.Grand almoner and pro-chaplain of the King of Spain. Great chancellor and counselor of State. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne. Vicar general of the Spanish Army and Navy.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 30, 1789; never received the red hat and the title. Did not participate in the conclave of 1799-1800, which elected Pope Pius VII.
Death. April 14, 1806, Aranjuez. Exposed and buried in Aranjuez.
Bibliography. Guitarte Izquierdo, Vidal. Episcopologio Español (1700-1867). Españoles obispos en España, América, Filipinas y otros países. Rome : Instituto Español de Historia Eclesiástica, 1994. (Publicaciones del Instituto Español de Historia Eclesiástica; Subsidia; 29), p. 115.
Link. His portrait and biographical data, in English.
(54) 2. LORENZANA Y BUTRÓN, Francisco Antonio de (1722-1804)
Birth. September 22, 1722, León, Spain. Baptized on that same day. His brother Tomás was bishop of Gerona.
Education. Jesuit College, León; Benedictine monastery, Espinareda, El Bierzo (philosophy); University of Valladolid, Valladolid (theology); University of Avila, Avila (utroque iure, both canon and civil law); University of Salamanca, Salmanca; Major Seminary of Oviedo, Oviedo.
Priesthood. Ordained, 1751. Canon lector of the cathedral chapter of Sigüenza, 1751. In Toledo, canon of its cathedral chapter, 1754, and vicar general for several years; abbot of Saint Vincent; dean of its cathedral chapter.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Plascencia, June 5, 1765. Consecrated, August 11, 1765, church of Santo Tomás, of the Dominican friars, Madrid, by Manuel Quintana y Bonifaz, titular archbishop of Farsalo and coadministrator of Toledo and inquisitor general, assisted by Juan Manuel Argüelles, titular bishop of Botri, auxiliary of Toledo, and by Felipe Pérez Santa María, titular bishop of Costanza di Arabia, auxiliary of Toledo. Promoted to the metropolitan and primatial see of México, April 14, 1766. Transferred to the metropolitan and primatial see of Toledo, January 27, 1772.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 30, 1789; received the red hat and the title of Ss. XII Apostoli, July 24, 1797. Generously helped the exiled French clergy during the revolution, receiving hundreds of them in Toledo. General inquisitor of Spain, July 29, 1794 to 1797. Personal representative of King Charles IV before Pope Pius VI, 1797, assisting him during the French invasion of Rome. Participated in the conclave of 1799-1800, which elected Pope Pius VII; his financial assistance was decisive in its celebration, covering, among other things, the travel expenses of several impoverished cardinals. Resigned government of the archdiocese, December 15, 1800, to remain with the pope in Rome as one of his closest advisors.
Death. April 17, 1804, Rome. Exposed in the basilica of Ss. XII Apostoli, Rome, where the funeral took place, and buried in the church of S. Croce in Gerusalemme, Rome. In 1956, the cathedral chapter of México had his remains transferred to the metropolitan cathedral of that city.
Bibliography. Guitarte Izquierdo, Vidal. Episcopologio Español (1700-1867). Españoles obispos en España, América, Filipinas y otros países. Rome : Instituto Español de Historia Eclesiástica, 1994. (Publicaciones del Instituto Español de Historia Eclesiástica; Subsidia; 29), p. 94; Sierra, L. "Lorenzana, Francisco Antonio de." Diccionario de Historia Eclesiástica de España. Dirigido por Quintín Aldea Vaquero, Tomás Marín Martínez, José Vives Gatell. Madrid : Instituto Enrique Flórez, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1972-1975. 4 vols., and supplement, 1987, II, 1346-1348.
Link. Biography, in English; and his portrait by Vincenzo Milione, convent of S. Maria di Montserrato, Rome.
(55) 3. BUSCA, Ignazio (1731-1803)
Birth. August 31, 1731, Milan.
Education. La Sapienza University, Rome (doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law, April 26, 1759). Received the subdiaconate, August 13, 1775.
Early life. Relator of the Sacred Consulta. Referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Justice and of Grace. Governor of Rieti and of Fabiano.
Priesthood. Ordained, August 20, 1775.
Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Emesa, September 11, 1775. Consecrated, September 17, 1775, Frascati, by Cardinal Henry Benedict Mary Stuart, duke of York. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, September 17, 1775. Nuncio in Flanders, September 18, 1775. Governor of Rome and vice-camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, March 1, 1785 until February 14, 1789.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 30, 1789; received the red hat and the title of S. Maria della Pace, August 3, 1789. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, April 11, 1791. Opted for the title of S.Maria degli Angeli, December 18, 1795. Secretary of State, August 1796 to March 15, 1797; his hostile policy against France produced the first French invasion, which ended with the Treaty of Tolentino, March 15, 1797. During the second French invasion of Rome, his property was sacked and his library taken to France. Participated in the conclave of 1799-1800, which elected Pope Pius VII. Prefect of the S.C. of Good Government, December 2, 1800.
Death. August 12, 1803, Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Agostino, Rome, where the funeral took place, and buried in the church of S. Maria degli Angeli, in a provisional tomb. Transferred to his definitive sepulchre in that same church, August 20, 1804.
Bibliography. Del Re, Niccolò. Monsignor governatore di Roma. Rome : Istituto di Studi Romani Editore, 1972, p. 120.
(56) 4. COSTA D'ARIGNANO, Vittorio Maria Baldassare Gaetano (1737-1796)
Birth. March 10, 1737, Turin.
Education. Royal University of Turin, Turin (doctorate in utroque iure, both civil and canon law, May 12, 1757).
Priesthood. Ordained, March 1, 1760. Rector of the Royal University of Turin. Almoner of the King of Sardinia. Vicar general of the aulae regiae of Turin.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Vercelli, September 11, 1769. Consecrated, September 21, 1769, Rome, by Cardinal Carlo Vittorio Amedeo delle Lanze. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Turin, September 28, 1778.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 30, 1789; never received the red hat and the title.
Death. May 16, 1796, Turin. Exposed and buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Turin.
(57) 5. LAVAL-MONTMORENCY, Louis-Joseph de (1724-1808)
Birth. July 17 (or December 11), 1724, Castle of Baillet, diocese of Angoulême, France.
Education. Faculty of Paris, Paris (licentiate in canon law).
Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Vicar general of Sens.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Orléans, January 14, 1754. Consecrated (no information found). Resigned government of the diocese, February 28, 1758. Transferred to the see of Condom, March 13, 1758. Resigned government of the diocese, November 2, 1760. Transferred to the see of Metz, April 6, 1761. Grand almoner of France and comander of the Order of Saint-Esprit from 1786. Abbot comendatario of Mont Saint Michel from 1788.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 30, 1789; never received the red hat and the title. Grand almoner of the French kingdom. During the French Revolution went into exile in Germany. Did not resign the government of the diocese as requested to facilitate the implementation of the 1801 Concordat between France and the Holy See. Did not participate in the conclave of 1799-1800, which elected Pope Pius VII.
Death. June 17, 1808, in exile, Altone, Germany. Exposed and buried (no information found).
Link. His coat of arms. second from the bottom.
(58) 6. AUERSPERG, Joseph Franz von Paula von (1734-1795)
Birth. January 31, 1734, Vienna, Austria.
Education. (No information found).
Priesthood. (No information found).
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Lavant, May 8, 1763. Consecrated, May 22, 1763. Resigned government of the diocese, January 4, 1764. Nominated bishop of Gurk by the archbishop of Salzburg, October 18, 1772; confirmed by the pope, January 31, 1773. Nominated bishop of Passau by its cathedral chapter, May 19, 1785. Elected by the pope, June 25, 1784.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 30, 1789; never received the red hat and the title. Decorated with the grand cross of the Austrian Order of Sankt Stefan, 1791.
Death. August 21, 1795, Passau. Exposed and buried (no information found).
Bibliography. Gatz, Erwin and Stephan M. Janker. Die Bischöfe des Heiligen Römischen Reiches, 1648 bis 1803 : ein biographisches Lexikon. Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 1990.
Link. Brief biographical data, in German, and portrait.
(59) 7. BORGIA, Stefano (1731-1804)
Birth. December 3, 1731, Velletri. Nephew of Alessandro Borgia, archbishop of Fermo. Distantly related to the Spanish Borja family.
Education. Academy of Cortona, Cortona; Pontifical Academy of Ecclesiastical Nobles, Rome, 1756.
Priesthood. Ordained, 1756. Governor of Benevento, 1758-1764. Protonotary apostolic. Secretary of the S.C. of Indulgences and Sacred Relics. Secretary of the S.C. of Propaganda Fide, 1770.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 30, 1789; received the red hat and the title of S. Clemente, August 3, 1789. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, February 27, 1792. During the French invasion of Rome, 1797-1798, the pope placed him in charge of the city; after the proclamation of the Republic in 1798, he was arrested and quickly freed. Joined Pope Pius VI in his exile and imprisonment in Valence, France. Participated in the conclave of 1799-1800, which elected Pope Pius VII. Rector of Collegio Romano, Rome. Prefect of the S.C. of the Index, 1801-1802. Pro-prefect of the S.C. of Propaganda Fide, May 25, 1798 to September 27, 1800; prefect, August 16, 1802 until his death. He was a noted theologian, antiquarian, and historian. He established a museum in Velletri where he collected coins and manuscripts. After his death, the collection was divided and the museum eventually closed.
Death. November 23, 1804, at night, Lyon, while accompaning Pope Pius VII in his journey to Paris to crown Napoleon. Exposed and buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Lyon. Transferred to Velletri, February 13, 2002; a solemn mass was concelebrated in the cathedral by Bishop Andrea Maria Erba of Velletri-Segni and the secretary of the archbishop of Lyon. Buried in that cathedral, March 9, 2002.
Bibliography. Cancellieri, Francesco. Elogio della chiara memoria dell' Emo e Rmo signor cardinale Stefano Borgia, scritto in una lettera dal signor abate Francesco Cancellieri. Parma : Co' tipi Bodoniani, 1805; Cardinali, Luigi. Elogio detto all memoria di Stefano Borgia, cardinale prete del titolo di S. Clemente. [Rome? : s.n.], 1806; Millin, Aubin Louis. Notice sur la vie du cardinal Borgia. [n.p. : s.n., 1807?]; Paulinus, a S. Bartholomaeo. Vitae synopsis Stephani Borgiae S.R.E. Cardinalis Amplissimi : S. Congr. de Propaganda fide Praefecti. Romae : apud Antonium Fulgonium, 1805.
Links. Biography, in English; his portrait and another biography; and another portrait.
(60) 8. ANTICI, Tommaso (1731-1812)
Birth. May 10, 1731, Recanati. Of an aristocratic family, he was the son of Giuseppe Rinaldo, Marquis of Recanati and Antonia Cipriani.
Education. Studied law and theology, Rome. (No further educational information found). Received the insignias of the clerical character.
Early life. Secretary of Cardinal Ferdinando Maria de Rossi. Legate in several cities. Considered a very able diplomat, between 1763 and 1798 he represented Parma and Piacenza (1763-1767); the principality of Cologne (1762-1789); the principality of Pfalz (1769-1777); the kingdom of Poland (1768-1795); the diocese of Luettich (1767-1784/1788); the kingdom of Prussia (1776-1778); the duchy of Pfalz Zweibruecken (1777-1798); and the principality of Bavaria (1776-1798). Abbot commendatario of the Cistercian abbey Paradies, near Meseritz, diocese of Posen, 1784.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 30, 1789; received the red hat and the title of S. Maria in Trastevere, August 3, 1789. Received the subdiaconate, January 31, 1790; diaconate, February 2, 1790. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, June 17, 1793. Prefect of the S.C. of the Tridentine Council, September 25, 1795 - March 7, 1798. Resigned cardinalate on March 7, 1798 due to age, chronic illness and the desire for a quiet old age, according to the official version (1); the resignation was accepted by the Pope on September 7, 1798.
Death. January 4, 1812, Recanati. Buried in the cathedral of Recanati.
Bibliography.Re, Nicola del. "I cardinali prefetti della sacra congregazione del concilio dalle origini ad oggi (1564-1964)." Apollinaris, XXXVII (1964), p. 131.
Link. Biography, in German; his engraving by Carlo Antonini, Museo di Roma, Rome.
(1) Some sources indicate that the real reason for the resignation was to escape the annoyances of the Roman Republic. After the victory of the Austrians, he wanted to be reinstated as a cardinal and tried to be received in the conclave of 1799-1800 in Venice. In a letter to the Sacred College of Cardinals, he explained that he had resigned forced by the revolutionary forces and asked to be restored to his cardinalitial rank. The College confirmed the decision of the deceased pope. He wrote to the new Pope Pius VII on September 3, 1800 asking to have his resignation voided. He was not successful and retired to Recanati, dedicating himself to charitable and pious works. The inscription in his grave in the cathedral S. Flaviano in Recanati praises his virtues and his generosity but does not mention his cardinalate.
(61) 9. CAMPANELLI, Filippo (1739-1795)
Birth. May 1, 1739, Mantelica.
Education. (No information found).
Early life. Protonotary apostolic. Auditor of His Holiness.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 30, 1789; received the red hat and the deaconry of S. Maria della Scala, August 3, 1789. Datary of His Holiness, April 3, 1789 until his death. Granted dispensation to be a cardinal deacon without having received the minor orders, March 26, 1790. Transferred to the deaconry of S. Angelo in Pescheria, November 29, 1790. Transferred to the deaconry of S. Cesareo in Palatio, September 26, 1791. Commissioned to resolve the controversy between the Holy See and the King of the Two Sicilies, July 16, 1792.
Death. February 18, 1795, Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Marcello, where the funeral took place, and buried in his deaconry.
| Top | Catalogs | Home |
©1998-2008 Salvador Miranda.