Birth. January 17, 1709, Città di Castello. Of a noble family.
Education. Collegio dei Nobili di S. Carlo, Modena, 1723; University of Macerata, Macerata (doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law, January 5, 1740).
Early life. Went to Rome and started the ecclesiastical career. Governor of the city of Loreto. Governor of the city of Benevento, January 7, 1741. Governor of the city of Recanati, November 16, 1743. Referendary of the Supreme Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Grace and of Justice. Cleric of the Apostolic Chamber. Preceptor general of the archhospital of S. Spirito in Sassia, Rome. Received the subdiaconate, March 30, 1754.
Priesthood. Ordained, November 17, 1754.
Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Calcedonia, 1754. Nuncio in Switzerland, December 21, 1754. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, January 23, 1755. Prefect of the Apostolic Palace, October 2, 1759.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of July 21, 1766; received the red hat and the title of S. Maria degli Angeli, August 6, 1766. Transferred to the see of Ancona, with personal title of archbishop, December 1, 1766. Participated in the conclave of 1769, which elected Pope Clement XIV. Participated in the conclave of 1774-1775, which elected Pope Pius VI.
Death. August 3, 1782, Montesicuro, diocese of Ancona. Exposed and buried in the cathedral of Ancona.
Bibliography. Bernabei, Nicola. Vita del Cardinale Giovanni Morone, vescovo di Modena e biografie dei cardinali modenesi e di Casa d'Este, dei cardinali vescovi di Modena e di quelli educati in questo Collegio di San Carlo. Modena : Tipografica Rossi, 1885, pp. 295-296; Fink, Urban. Die Luzerner Nuntiatur 1586-1873 : zur Behördengeschichte und Quellenkunde der päpstlichen Diplomatie in der Schweiz. Luzern : Rex Verlag, 1997.
(39) 2. BOSCHI, Giovanni Carlo (1715-1788)
Birth. April 9, 1715, Faenza. Of a patrician family. Baptized on the same day of his birth.
Education. Initial studies under his uncle, Giovanni Boschi, canon and archpriest of the cathedral chapter of Faenza; sent to Rome in 1725; Collegio Clementino, Rome, 1725-1732; Pontifical Academy of Ecclesiastical Nobles, Rome, 1732-1737; La Sapienza University, Rome (doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law, June 20, 1746).
Early life. In 1740, he delivered the orations "De apostolica B. Petri cathedra", at the patriarchal Vatican basilica in the presence of Pope Clement XII; and "In funere Caroli VI Romanorum regis", on November 26, 1740, at the chapel of the Quirinale palace, in the presence of Pope Benedict XIV; both orations were later published . Named member of the Accademia di storia ecclesiastica by Pope Benedict XIV. In 1743, he became abbreviatore of the Roman Curia, relator of the Sacred Consulta; prelate of the S.C. of Ecclesiastical Immunity; and cleric of the Apostolic Chamber. Canon of the chapter of the patriarchal Vatican basilica, October 11, 1744. Received the minor orders, February 7, 1745.
Priesthood. Ordained, March 5, 1746. Referendary of the Supreme Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Grace and of Justice. Prefect of chamber of Pope Benedict XIV. Abbreviatore of apostolic letters. Secretary of Memoriali, March 1754. Pope Clement XIII named him secretary of the Cipher. Consultor of the S.C. of Rites. Protonotary apostolic. Named prefect of the Papal Household in September 1759.
Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Atena, September 22, 1760. Consecrated, October 5, 1760 (1), Castelgandolfo, by Pope Clement XIII, assisted by Lodovico Calini, titular patriarch of Antioch, and by Giovanni Ottavio Bufalini, titular archbishop of Calcedonia. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, October 31, 1760.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of July 21, 1766; received the red hat and the title of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo, August 6, 1766. Prefect of the Congregation for the correction of the books of the Oriental Church. Grand penitentiary, September 1, 1767 until his death. Prefect of the Congregation for the correction of the books of the Oriental Church, 1767. Participated in the conclave of 1769, which elected Pope Clement XIV. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, March 8, 1773 to February 28, 1774. Participated in the conclave of 1774-1775, which elected Pope Pius VI; the Bourbon courts presented a veto against his election to the papacy. In 1776, he was charged with the negotiations between the Holy See and the government of Modena for the modification of the Code of 1771, which was considered detrimental to the ecclesiastical immunity; the death of Duke Francesco III of Modena and the accession of Duke Ercole III in 1780 made the negotiations fail. In 1778 he censured the Catechism of Vienna because of its discordance in some point with the Roman Catechism. Opted for the title of S. Lorenzo in Lucina, September 20, 1784. Cardinal protoprete.
Death. September 6, 1788, Rome. Exposed and buried in his title (2).
Bibliography. Pignatelli, G. "Boschi, Giovanni Carlo." Dizionario biografico degli Italiani. 65 vols. Direttore, Alberto M. Ghisalberti. Roma : Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana, 1960-1982, XIII, 194-195; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen VI (1730-1799). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1968, pp. 23, 44, 56 and 105; Strocchi, Andrea. Memorie istoriche del Duomo di Faenza e de'personaggi illustri di quel capitolo, esposte dal canonico Andrea Strocchi, Faentino, corredate di XIV tavole incise. Faenza: Tipografia Montanari e Marabini, 1838, pp. 173-175.
Links. His episcopal lineage, in English; and his portrait, Museum of Korkula, Croatia.
(1) This is according to Ritzler, Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, VI, 105; and Pignatelli, Dizionario biografico degli Italiani, XIII, 195; Strocchi, Memorie istoriche del Duomo di Faenza e de'personaggi illustri di quel capitolo, p. 174, indicates that he was consecrated on October 31, 1760.
(2) This is the text of his epitaph taken from Strocchi, Memorie istoriche del Duomo di Faenza e de'personaggi illustri di quel capitolo, p. 175:
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