Birth. November 14, 1671, Madrid, Spain. Son of Antonio Domingo de Mendoza, second marquis of Villagarcía and viceroy of Valencia, and Juana de Rivera. He was baptized on November 28, 1671, in the parish of San Nicolás.
Education. Obtained a doctorate in theology at the University of Ávila.
Early life. In 1699, King Carlos II of Spain granted him the habit of the Order of Santiago, with which he was invested on April 21, 1700.
Priesthood. Ordained, July 1715. Archdeacon of Toledo and of Santiago de Compostela. Abbot nullius of Alcalá la Realand of Burgohondo. Major chaplain of the Royal Monastery of the Incarnation, Madrid; and sumilller de cortina. King Felipe V of Spain named him his almoner and major chaplain and nominated him to the patriarchate of the West Indies in November 1733.
Episcopate. Elected patriarch of the West Indies and titular archbishop of Farsalo, January 20, 1734. Consecrated, Sunday May 9, 1734, Royal Monastery of the Incarnation of the Discalced Augustinian nuns, Madrid, by Domingo Valentín Guerra Arteaga y Leiba, archbishop-bishop of Segovia, assisted by Benito Madueño Ramos, titular bishop of Sion, auxiliary of Toledo, and by Dionisio Mellado Eguíluz, titular bishop of Lares, auxiliary of Toledo. Since 1737, he belonged to the Venerable Congregation of San Pedro of secular priests native of Madrid. King Fernando VI of Spain requested the promotion of Patriarch Mendoza Caamaño to the cardinalate.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; the pope sent him the red biretta with Msgr. Salviati, privy chamberlain; the king imposed the biretta on him on August 16, 1747 in the church of San Jerónimo in Madrid in the presence of the entire court; he never went to Rome to receive the red hat and the title. Did not participate in the conclave of 1758, which elected Pope Clement XIII. Known for his aversion to luxury and arrogance and famous as a sharp, joyful and prudent person, he distributed his large income among the poor.
Death. January 23, 1761, palace of Buen Retiro, Madrid. Buried in the monastery of San Gil, Madrid, in the tomb of his mother (1). On the tombstone was engraved a brief inscription in Castillian.
Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. 9 vols. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1797, IX, 28; Goñi Gaztambide, José. Diccionario de historia eclesiástica de España. 4 vols and Supplement. Dirigido por Quintín Aldea Vaquero, Tomás Marín Martínez, José Vives Gatell. Madrid : Instituto Enrique Flórez, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1972-1975; Suplemento (1987), suppl., 475; Guitarte Izquierdo, Vidal. Episcopologio Español (1700-1867). Españoles obispos en españa, América, Filipinas y otros países. Rome : Instituto Español de Historia Eclesiástica, 1994. (Publicaciones del Instituto Español de Historia Eclesiástica; Subsidia; 29), p. 54; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recientoris Aevi. Volumen VI (1730-1799). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1968, pp. 15, 243 and 336.
(1) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IX, 28, indicates that the cardinal's body was placed in the same tomb where his mother had been buried seventy-three years earlier, and that her body was found incorrupt, causing maraviglia universale.
Birth. January 22, 1686, Venice. Nephew and coadjutor of Dionisio Delfino, patriarch of Aquileia (1699-1734). Grand-nephew of Cardinal Giovanni Delfino (1667), patriarch of Aquileia, 1659-1699, of whom Dionisio was coadjutor.
Education. Studied in Parma; University of Pavia, Pavia (doctorate, 1715).
Early life. Named to the Grand Council of Venice in 1709 but soon after abandoned his administrative career to enter the ecclesiastical life.
Priesthood. Ordained (no information found).
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Aureliopoli and appointed coadjutor, with right of succession, of the patriarch of Aquileia, April 14, 1715. Consecration (no information found). Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, April 14, 1715. Abbot commendatario of Moggio, 1717. Succeeded to the patriarchate of Aquileia, August 13, 1734.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; received the red hat and the title of S. Maria sopra Minerva, November 20, 1747. Pope Benedict XIV, by an apostolic constitution of July 6, 1751, suppressed and extinguished the patriarchate of Aquileia and in its place erected the metropolitan sees of Udine and Gorizia. Transferred to the see of Udine, retaining the title of patriarch. Abbot commendatario of Rosazzo from 1756. Rebuilt the cathedral of San Vito, Udine. Participated in the conclave of 1758, which elected Pope Clement XIII.
Death. March 13, 1762, at 10:00 a.m., Udine. Exposed and buried in the cathedral of Udine.
Link. Brief biographical data, in Italian.
Birth. December 11 (al. 12), 1675, Cingoli (or Osimo).
Education. University of Macerata, Macerata (doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law, November 10, 1693).
Early life. Entered the Roman Curia in 1693 as relator of the SS.CC. of the Apostolic Visit, of the Ecclesiastical Immunity, and of the Controversies of Jurisdiction. Consultor of the Supreme S.C. of the Roman and Universal Inquisition. Referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Justice and of Grace. Voter of the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature of Grace. Canon of the patriarchal Vatican basilica.
Priesthood. Ordained, December 20, 1727.
Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Nicosia, June 14, 1728. Consecrated, June 29, 1728, Rome, by Cardinal Prospero Marefoschi. Nuncio in Naples, December 23, 1730. Governor of Rome and vice-camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, December 11, 1743 until April 14, 1747.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; received the red hat and the title of S. Susanna, May 15, 1747. Resigned the governorship of Rome, April 17, 1747. Transferred to the see of Viterbo e Toscanella, with personal title of archbishop, May 6, 1748.
Death. August 20, 1749, Viterbo. Buried in the church of S. Salvatore in Lauro, Rome.
Bibliography. Capece Galeota, Nicola. Cenni storici dei nunzii apostolici residenti nel regno di Napoli. Naples : Tip. Vico Donnaromita n. 13, 1877, pp. 70-72; Del Re, Niccolò. Monsignor governatore di Roma. Rome : Istituto di Studi Romani Editore, 1972, p. 116.
Link. His tomb in the church of S. Salvatore in Lauro Rome.
Birth. July 16, 1701, Versailles, France.
Education. Theological Faculty, Paris (master in theology).
Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Abbot of Saint Romain de Blaye, 1717. Abbot of Beauport, 1722. Prior of Lanville. Prior of Bonne-Nouvelle. Vicar general of Rouen.
Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Bourges, July 6, 1729. Consecrated, August 7, 1729, by Louis de la Vergne, archbishop of Rouen. Prior of La Charite sur Loire, April 1732. Coadjutor of the abbey of Cluny, September 29, 1738. Author of a new breviary in 1741. Commander of the Order of Saint-Esprit, February 2, 1742. Grand almoner of France, 1742-1745. President of the Assembly of Clergy, April 1742, 1750, 1753, and 1756. French ambassador before the Holy See, 1745 until December 1747. Abbot of Cluny, April 1747.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; received the red hat and the title of S. Agnese fuori le mura, May 15, 1747.
Death. April 29, 1757, Paris. Buried in the choir of the church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris.
Birth. December 1, 1717, Paris. Nephew of Cardinal Armand-Gaston-Maximilien de Rohan de Soubise (1712), bishop of Strasbourg (1704-1749). Took the last name Ventadour to distinguish himself from his uncle. Brother of Cardinal Louis-César-Constantin de Rohan-Guéménée-Montbazon (1761), bishop of Strasbourg from 1757 to 1779. Uncle of Cardinal Louis-René-Edouard de Rohan-Guéménée (1778), bishop of Strasbourg from 1779 to 1801.
Education. Faculty of Paris, Paris (doctorate in theology). Socius Sorbonicus.
Early life. Prince of Tournon and abbot of Ventadour. Member of the Académie Française, July 15, 1741. Granted dispensation to be elected bishop of Strasbourg by its cathedral chapter when he was seven years younger than the required canonical age, September 2, 1740.
Priesthood. Ordained, December 23, 1741.
Episcopate. Elected coadjutor bishop of Strasbourg by its cathedral chapter, May 21, 1742. Preconized coadjutor of Strasbourg, with right of succession, and elected titular bishop of Tolemaida, July 30, 1742. Consecrated, November 4, 1742, cathedral of Strasbourg, by Cardinal Armand-Gaston-Maximilien de Rohan de Soubise, bishop of Strasbourg, assisted by Scipion Bégon, bishop of Toul, and by Claude-Antoine de Choiseul-Beaupré, bishop of Châlons.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; never received the red hat and the title. Grand almoner of France, 1745-1748. Abbot of Chaise-de-Dieu, 1747. Succeeded to the see of Strasbourg, July 19, 1749. Rector of the University of Paris.
Death. June 28, 1756, episcopal castle of Saverne (or Zabern), near Strasbourg. Exposed and buried in the church major of the castle of Saverne, in the chapel of Saint-Rosaire.
Bibliography. Chapeau, O.S.B. André and Fernand Combaluzier, C.M. Épiscopologe français des temps modernes, 1592-1973. Paris : Letouzey et Ané, 1974, p. 471-472; Le Roy de Sainte-Croix, François Noël. Les quatre cardinaux de Rohan (évêques de Strasbourg) en Alsace. Strasbourg : Hagemann et cie, 1880. (Grande collection alsacienne), pp. 59-79.
Link. Biography, in French.
Birth. January 20, 1698, Innsbruck, diocese of Brixen. Baptized on January 26, 1698. Son of Count Franz Anton Troyer and Maria Maximiliana, baroness Teuffenbach.
Education. Collegio Germanico, Rome (doctorate in theology). Received the clerical tonsure, January 31, 1711; minor orders, September 8, 1711; subdiaconate, March 4, 1719; diaconate, February 24, 1720.
Priesthood. Non-resident canon of the cathedral chapter of Olomouc, September 25, 1711. Ordained, December 21, 1720. Resident canon of the cathedral chapter of Olomouc, February 16, 1725. Archdeacon of Opava, 1731. Canon magistral of the cathedral chapter of Olomouc, October 15, 1741.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Olomouc by its cathedral chapter, December 9, 1745; election was unanimous. Preconized, March 28, 1746. Consecrated, May 22, 1746, Olomouc, by Otto Honorius Eck, titular bishop of Termopoli, suffragan of Olomouc, assisted by Anton von Engel, bishop of Belgrade, and by Johann Anton von Khevenh|ller, former bishop of Wiener Neustadt. Privy councilor, 1746.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; never received the red hat and the title.
Death. February 5, 1758, Brno, Moravia. Exposed and buried in the cathedral of St. Vaclav, Olomouc.
Bibliography. Bohumil Zlámal, Katalog moravskych biskupù, arcibiskupù a kapitul staré i nové doby. Olomouc, 1977, p. 82-83; Milan M. Buben, Encyklopedie ceskych a moravskych sídelních biskupù. Praha, 2000, p. 356-359.
Link. His portrait and coins.
Birth. April 21, 1671, Milan.
Education. (No information found).
Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Treasurer general of the Apostolic Chamber.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; received the red hat and the title of Ss. Quattri Coronati, May 15, 1747. Opted for the title of S. Onofrio, September 22, 1749. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, January 3, 1757. Did not participate in the conclave of 1758, which elected Pope Clement XIII.
Death. June 20, 1760, Rome. Buried in the church of S. Carlo dei Milanesi, Rome.
Birth. December 25, 1686, Lisbon, Portugal. He is also listed as Giuseppe Manoel Portoghese, José Manuel only, and as José Manuel d'Atalaia. Son of the fourth count of Atalaia, D. Luiz Manoel de Távora and his wife D. Francisca Leonor de Mendonça.
Education. (No information found).
Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Primarius principalis of the cathedral church of Lisbon.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; never received the red hat and the title.
Episcopate. Elected patriarch of Lisbon, May 20, 1754. Consecrated, July 1, 1754, Lisbon, by Cardinal-elect Lucas Melchor Tempi, titular archbishop of Nicomedia, nuncio in Portugal. Did not participate in the conclave of 1758, which elected Pope Clement XIII. Tired of resisting the Marquis of Pombal's anti-Jesuit policies, retired to Atalaia, near Lisbon, where he died three days after the election of Pope Clement XIII.
Death. July 9, 1758, Atalaia, near Lisbon. Buried in the parish church of Atalaia, in the wall on the side of the Gospel. Presently, his tomb is under the main altar.
Links. Brief biographical data in Os Cardeais Portugueses - Nota Histórica, in Portuguese; and his engraving by Giovanni Domenico Campiglia and Nicolaus Billy (or Gilly).
Birth. February 26, 1720, Rome. Of a distinguished Italian family, descendant of refugees from Albania in the fifteenth century. Son of Carlo Albani, duke of Soriano. Grand-nephew of Pope Clement XI (1700-1721). Nephew of Cardinals Annibale Albani (1711), and Alessandro Albani (1721). Uncle of Cardinal Giuseppe Albani (1801). The first cardinal of the family was Gian Girolamo Albani (1570).
Education. (No information found).
Early life. Protonotary apostolic, October 1740. Vicar of the patriarchal Liberian basilica, March 1742. President of the Papal Chamber, November 1742. Cleric of the Apostolic Chamber, September 1743. Relator of the S.C. of Indulgences and Sacred Relics, 1743.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of April 10, 1747; received the red hat and the deaconry of S. Cesareo, May 15, 1747. Received the subdiaconate, November 1747; diaconate, March 31, 1748. Participated in the conclave of 1758, which elected Pope Clement XIII. Opted for the order of priests and the title of S. Clemente, February 12, 1759.
Episcopate. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Sabina, July 21, 1760. Consecrated, September 21, 1760, basilica of Ss. XII Apostoli, Rome, by Pope Clement XIII, assisted by Cardinal Giuseppe Spinelli, bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina, sub-dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals, by Cardinal Flavio Chigi, by Cardinal Camillo Paolucci, bishop of Frascati, and by Cardinal Carlo Cavalchini, bishop of Albano. Participated in the conclave of 1769, which elected Pope Clement XIV. Opted for the suburbicarian see of Porto e Santa Rufina, March 15, 1773. Sub-dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals. Participated in the conclave of 1774-1775, in which was elected Pope Pius VI. Opted for the suburbicarian see of Ostia e Velletri, December 18, 1775. Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian basilica. Prefect of the S.C. Ceremonial. During the first French invasion in 1798, he escaped to Naples and then to Venice. Participated in the conclave of 1799-1800, in which was elected Pope Pius VII. During his long fifty-six-year cardinalate, he was the principal representative of the pro-Austrian (and anti-French) line.
Death. September 15, 1803, Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Maria in Vallicella, Rome, where the funeral took place, transferred privately to the patriarchal Liberian basilica, and buried in the tomb of its canons, according to his will.
Links. The Albani family, in English; and his episcopal lineage, in English.
Birth. February 9, 1677, Rome. Of an ancient and noble family. Nephew of Cardinal Savo Millini (1681). His last name is also listed as Mellini.
Education. Educated under the direction of his uncle; obtained a doctorate in law, Rome, March 26, 1722.
Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Auditor of the Sacred Roman Rota, April 28, 1725; dean, July 14, 1744. Regent of the Apostolic Penitentiary, September 1, 1734. Commissary apostolic in Piamonte, 1742.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 10, 1747; received the red hat and the title of S. Prisca, May 15, 1747. Opted for the title of S. Marcello, April 1, 1748. Prefect of the S.C. of the Tridentine Council, 1753 until his death.
Death. July 25, 1756, Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Marcello, Rome, where the funeral took place, and buried in the chapel of his family in the church of S. Maria del Popolo, Rome.
Bibliography. Re, Nicola del. "I cardinali prefetti della sacra congregazione del concilio dalle origini ad oggi (1564-1964)." Apollinaris, XXXVII (1964), p. 127.
Link. His tomb in S. Maria del Popolo, Rome.
Birth. September 1, 1712, Turin. Of a noble family.
Education. Entered the Order of the Canons Regular of Sainte-Geneviève, Paris. Later, in Rome, became a secular cleric. Pontifical Academy of Ecclesiastical Nobles, Rome, 1731 (philosophy); studied theology in Turin; adhering himself to the anti-Jesuit and philo-Jansenist ideas of the time, had a crisi di coscienza which his old friends defined as an apostasy. Received the diaconate, 1736.
Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Abbot of S. Giusto di Susa, 1743. Abbot of Lucedio May 2, 1747. Almoner and pro-chaplain of the court of Carlo Emanuele III, King of Sardinia, October 17, 1746.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of April 10, 1747; received the red hat and the deaconry of Ss. Cosma e Damiano, July 31, 1747.
Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Nicosia, August 11, 1747. Consecrated, September 24, 1747, Rome, by (no information found). Opted for the order of priests and the title of S. Sisto, October 2, 1747. Abbot of S. Benigno di Fruttuaria, August 5, 1749. Participated in the conclave of 1758, which elected Pope Clement XIII. Opted for the title of S. Anastasia, November 22, 1758. Opted for the title of S. Prassede, March 21, 1763. Participated in the conclave of 1769, which elected Pope Clement XIV. Resigned titular archbishopric of Nicosia, April 12, 1773. Participated in the conclave of 1774-1775, which elected Pope Pius VI. Prefect of the S.C.of the Tridentine Council, March 22, 1775 until his death. Opted for the title of S. Lorenzo in Lucina, July 18, 1783. Cardinal protoprete.
Death. January 23, 1784, Abbey of S. Benigno di Fruttuaria. Exposed and buried in that abbey's church, according to his will.
Bibliography. Frola, G. "X lettere inedite del cardinale Carlo Vittorio Medeo delle Lanze, abate di S. Benigno di Fruttuaria", Boletino storico-bibliografico subalpino, XXVII (1925), pp. 215-225; Re, Nicola del. "I cardinali prefetti della sacra congregazione del concilio dalle origini ad oggi (1564-1964)." Apollinaris, XXXVII (1964), pp. 129-130; Saroglia, G. Il cardinale Carlo Vittorio Amedeo delle Lanze, abate di S. Benigno di Fruttaria. Ivrea : 1884; Stella, P. "La 'apostasia' del card. Delle Lanze (1712-1784)", Salesianum, XXV (1963), pp. 3-46.
Link. Genealogy, A2 B1.
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