Birth. March 4, 1658, Paris, France. Of one of the most ancient families of Picardie. Third son of Louis-Charles, marquis of Nesle, baron of Mailly, and Jeanne de Monchy.

Education. Licentiate in theology, Paris; La Sorbonne University, Paris (doctorate in law).

Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Abbot of Mascianne and of Flavigny, 1693. Almoner of the King of France, 1694. Abbot of Massay, 1695.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Arles, April 7, 1698. Consecrated (no information found). Participated in the Assemblies of the Clergy of 1705, 1707, 1711, and 1713. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Reims, December 1, 1710. Decidedly supported and enforced the bull Unigentius, 1713, and for this was involved in disputes with the clergy of his archdiocese, the Regency, and the Parliament. The University of Reims elected him its rector in 1717 but he declined because the university did not accept the bull Unigentius.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 29, 1719; never went to Rome to receive the red hat and the title. Since his promotion had not been requested by the Regency, he was prohibited from wearing the cardinalitial insignias; later, the regent accepted, and the new cardinal received the biretta from King Louis XV. Abbot of Saint-Etienne de Caen, 1719 (or 1720). Because of illness did not participate in the conclave of 1721.

Death. September 13, 1721, in the abbey of Saint-Thierry, near Reims. Exposed and buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Reims.

Birth. June 5, 1667, Genoa.

Education. Collegio Tolomei, Siena (literature); La Sapienza University, Rome (doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law, August 18, 1691).

Early life. Papal prelate, 1695. Vice-legate in Ferrara. referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Justice and of Grace. Preceptor of the archhospital of S. Spirito in Sassia, Rome. Consultor of the Supreme S.C. of the Roman and Universal Inquisition. Governor of Civitavecchia and Tulfa, and superintendent of Corneto April 30, 1696. Governor of Viterbo, June 5, 1699. Governor of Perugia and Umbria, January 29, 1701. Inquisitor in Malta. July 4, 1703. Received the subdiaconate, June 3, 1706; diaconate, June 6, 1706.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 13, 1706.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Cesarea, June 1, 1711. Consecrated, June 7, 1711, Rome, by Cardinal Fabrizio Paolucci. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, June 29, 1711. Nuncio before the Spanish government of the archduke of Austria, July 3, 1711. Nuncio in Austria, May 26, 1713.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 29, 1719; received the red hat and the title of S. Agnese fuori le mura, January 20, 1721. Participated in the conclave of 1721. Secretary of State, May 10, 1721 until March 7, 1724. Plenipotentiary, together with Cardinal Álvaro Cienfuegos, S.J., bishop of Catania, to negotiate the devolution to the Holy See of the city Comacchio and the towns in its vicinity, January 27, 1724. Participated in the conclave of 1724. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, February 20, 1726. Prefect of the S.C. of Ecclesiastical Immunity, July 4, 1726. Legate in Bologna, June 25, 1727 until 1730. Participated in the conclave of 1730. Legate a latere to the duchies of Parma and Piacenza. Opted for the title of S. Maria in Trastevere, December 154, 1734. Opted for the title of S. Prassede, December 16, 1737. Opted for the order of bishops and the suburbicarian see of Palestrina, September 3, 1738.

Death. January 17, 1739, suddenly, at 9 a.m., Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Ignazio, Rome, where the funeral took place on January 19, 1739; in the afternoon, transferred to the church of S. Salvatore delle Coppelle, Rome, and buried there.

Bibliography. Squicciarini, Donato. Die Apostolischen Nuntien in Wien. Città del Vaticano : Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1999.

Birth. November 30, 1662, Motril, archdiocese of Granada, Spain. Of a noble family. He was orphaned very young. He is also listed as Lluís Belluga i de Montcada.

Education. Colegio Mayor de Santiago, Santiago; Colegio Mayor de Granada, Garnada; Colegio Mayor de Santa Marma de Jesús, Seville (doctorate in theology, 1686)

Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Judge and synodal examiner in the diocese of Córdoba. Canon lectoral of the cathedral chapter of Zamora, 1687. Canon lectoral of the cathedral chapter of Córdoba, by opposition with unanimous vote, 1689 until 1705. Founder and superior of the Congregation of the Oratory of St. Philip Neri in Córdoba.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Cartagena, February 9, 1705. Consecrated, Sunday April 19, 1705, chapel of the bishop, Córdoba, by Cardinal Pedro Salazar Gutiérrez de Toledo, O. de M., bishop of Córdoba. For religious reasons supported King Philip V in the War of Spanish Succession. In a pastoral letter, 1705, he reasoned the obedience due to the king. His position caused a heated debate. The war affected Murcia in 1706, and when he found out that the troops of Archduke Charles had desecrated churches in Alicante, acting against his peaceful temperament, he formed a militia and riding a horse and with a crucifix in his hand exhorted the faithful to defend themselves "from the enemies of our Holy Faith, defend their churches and not see them desecrated". He presented himself in the battlefield of Almansa in 1707. Philip V named him viceroy of Valencia, a post he unwillingly accepted and resigned as soon as he could. In 1709, Pope Clement XI recognized the archduke as king of the occupied territories in Spain and King Philip V broke relations with Rome and limited religious freedom in the kingdom. Bishop Belluga, in spite of his affection and loyalty to the king, defended the rights of the church in a memorial dated November 16, 1709. He was a loyal supporter of the king but opposed his royalist policies and his French ministers. Declined the sees of Córdoba and Zaragoza, and by mandate of Pope Clement XI accepted the cardinalate.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 29, 1719. Participated in the conclave of 1721. Received the red hat and the title of S. Maria in Traspontina, June 16, 1721. The papal bull Apostolici ministerii, 1723, on the Tridentine reform in Spain, was called bellugana because of his contribution to its composition. Participated in the conclave of 1724. Resigned government of the diocese, September 11, 1724, and went to reside in Rome. Opted for the title of S. Prisca, February 20, 1726. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, January 26, 1728 until February 7, 1729. Participated in the conclave of 1730. Protector of Spain and plenipotentiary minister of Spain before the Holy See, 1732. Opted for the title of S. Maria in Trastevere, December 16, 1737. Opted for the title of S. Prassede, September 3, 1738. Participated in the conclave of 1740; exited the conclave because of illness on March 8, 1740 and re-entered on March 24.

Death. February 22, 1743, at midnight, Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Maria in Vallicella, Rome, where the capella papalis took place on February 25, 1743; and buried in the chapel of S. Carlo in that same church.

Bibliography. Arco y Molinero, Ángel del. Estudio biográfico del Eminentmsimo Señor Cardenal D. Luis Belluga y Moncada, Protector de Espana. Murcia, Tipografía de La Paz, 1891; Báguena, Joaquín and Alcázar Molina, Cayetano. El cardenal Belluga, su vida y su obra. Murcia ; Madrid, 1935; Belluga y Moncada, Luis Antonio. El Cardenal Belluga : pastorales y documentos de su ipoca : publicados en el tercer centenario de su nacimiento. [Murcia] : Caja de Ahorros del Sureste de España, 1962; Cremades Griñán, Carmen María. Estudios sobre el cardenal Belluga. Murcia : Academia Alfonso X el Sabio, 1985; Guitarte Izquierdo, Vidal. Episcopologio Español (1700-1867). Españoles obispos en españa, América, Filipinas y otros países. Rome : Instituto Español de Historia Eclesiástica, 1994. (Publicaciones del Instituto Español de Historia Eclesiástica; Subsidia; 29), p. 18; Martín, Isidoro. El cardenal Belluga ante la ruptura de Felipe V con la Santa Sede en 1709. Madrid : Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Escuela Diplomática, 1952; Martín, Isidoro. Figura y pensamiento del cardenal Belluga a travis de su memorial antirregalista a Felipe V. Murcia, Talleres Tip. Belmar, 1960; Serra Ruiz, Rafael. El pensamiento social-político del Cardenal Belluga. Murcia, Patronato de Cultura de la Diputación 1963; Sobejano, Andrés. El Cardenal Belluga. Murcia, Academma Alfonso X el Sabio 1963, ©1962; Torres Fontes, Juan; and Bosque Carceller, Rodolfo. Epistolario del Cardenal Belluga. Murcia : Academia Alfonso X el Sabio, 1962; Vilar, Juan Bautista. El Cardenal Luis Belluga. Granada : Editorial Comares, 2001.

Birth. June 7, 1662, Castello de Moura, archdiocese of Evora, Portugal. He was baptized on that same day. Of a noble family. His first name is also listed as Josefe.

Education. University of Coimbra, Coimbra (doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law, November 14, 1683).

Priesthood. Ordained, May 20, 1690. Professor of theology in the University of Coimbra. Grand prior of the Order of San Jaime de Esprata. Named viceroy of Faro.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Faro, June 8, 1716. Consecrated (no information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 29, 1719; received the red hat and the title of S. Susanna, June 16, 1721. Did not participate in the conclave of 1721. Participated in the conclave of 1724. Did not participate in the conclave of 1730.

Death. September 28, 1738, Faro. Exposed and buried in the cathedral of Faro.

Birth. July 20, 1682, Glatz, diocese of Könnigrätz, Bohemia. His last name is also listed as Althann.

Education. University of Prague, Prague (doctorates in canon law and theology).

Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Canon of the cathedral chapters of Prague, Breslau and Olomouc. Provost of the royal chapel Omnium Sanctorum, Prague. Provost of SS. Cosmae et Damiani Boleslaviae, Prague. Abbot of SS. Petri et Pauli de Tapolcza, archdiocese of Eger. Auditor of the Sacred Roman Rota, 1713.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Vác, Hungary, June 27, 1718. Granted permission to receive the episcopal consecration from a bishop and two abbots, July 4, 1718. Consecrated (no information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 29, 1719; received the red hat and the title of S. Sabina, September 16, 1720. Privy councilor of the Austrian emperor from 1720. Participated in the conclave of 1721 and presented the Imperial veto against the election of Cardinal Fabrizio Paolucci. Granted license to become viceroy and captain general of Naples, May 19, 1722; occupied the post until 1728. Did not participate in the conclave of 1724. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, February 7, 1729 until February 8, 1730. Participated in the conclave of 1730.

Death. June 20, 1734, near noon, Vác. Exposed and buried in the cathedral of Vác.

Bibliography. Moroni, Gaetano. Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni. 103 vols. in 53. Venezia : Tipografia Emiliana, 1840-1861, I, 285.

Birth. June 24, 1671, Cosenza. His last name is also listed as Salerno.

Education. Studied with the Jesuits (elementary eductaion). Entered the Society of Jesus, June 1687; professed in Naples. (No further educational information found).

Priesthood. Ordained (no information found). Professor of theology. Prefect of studies, Collegio Grieco, Rome. Professor of canon law, Collegio Germanico, Rome. Superior of Jesuit houses in Rome. Examiner of the prelates promoted to the episcopate. In 1709, as a theologian, accompanied Annibale Albani, nephew of the pope and future cardinal, in a mission to Saxony and Poland to negotiate the protection of the church in those regions. In Poland, Fr. Salerni was able to convert from Calvinism Frederick August, son of King August II of Poland; he later blessed the marriage of the prince, who soon after ascended the throne of Poland as Frederick August III, to the daughter of Emperor Charles VI.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 29, 1719. Received the red hat and the title of Prisca, September 16, 1720. Abbot commendatario of Ferraria, 1720. Entered the conclave of 1721 but had to leave because of illness, and did not vote in the ballot of May 8, 1721 when Pope Innocent XIII was elected. Participated in the conclave of 1724. Opted for the title of S. Stefano al Monte Celio, February 20, 1726.

Death. January 30, 1729, Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Ignazio, Rome, where the capella papalis took place on January 31, 1729, and buried in that same church, near the main altar.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. 9 vols. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1794, VIII, 190-191; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen V (1667-1730). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1952, pp. 32, 50 and 51.