This page has been developed for quick access to the most commonly cited types of sources in most student papers as found in Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 7th ed. Excerpted from Turabian's work, this guide cannot cover all situations. For those not represented here, see Turabian or Chicago Manual of Style (Z 253 .U69 2003) in Reference. All chapter section numbers and page numbers refer to the 7th edition.
N: = footnote
S: = shortened or subsequent reference for a work you have previously cited (for footnotes only)
B: = bibliography
xx = page number/s
[NOTE: Examples of APA citations may be found at the following sites:Russ Dewey's APA Style Crib Sheet
Cornell University - APA Citation Style (Click on Reference List) ]
edited translated translated & edited revised and other editons online books
JOURNAL ARTICLES MAGAZINE ARTICLES NEWSPAPER ARTICLES
SOME COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS:
One author
N: (indented form)
1. Bruce Haynes, The End of Early Music: A Period Performer's History of Music for the Twenty-First Century (London: Oxford University Press, 2007), xx.
B: (use hanging indent)
Haynes, Bruce. The End of Early Music: A Period Performer's History of Music for
the Twenty-First Century. London: Oxford University Press, 2007.
S:
Haynes, End of Early Music, [xx]. OR
Haynes, xx.
(Use author-title form if you have more than one book by the same author. Shortened titles include up to four distinctive words from the full title.)
Multiple authors (p. 163)
N. list all names in standard order
1. Floyd K. Grave and Margaret G. Grave, The String Quartets of Joseph Haydn (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), xx.
S.
8. Grave and Grave, The String Quartets of Joseph Haydn, xx. OR
8. Grave and Grave, xx.
B. 1st author's name in inverted order; then all others in standard order.
Grave, Floyd K. and Margaret G. Grave. The String Quartets of Joseph Haydn. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
For a book which has an editor or translator in addition to an author, see 17.1.1 (p. 163) for format.
EDITED BOOK [single and multiple editors in place of an author] (p. 164)
N.
1. Siglind Bruhn, ed., Messiaen's Language
of Mystical Love. (New York: Garland, 1998), xx.
N.
1. Max V. Matthews and John R. Pierce, eds., Current Directions in Computer Music Research (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1989), xx.
S.
1. Bruhn, xx. OR Bruhn,Messiaen's Language, xx.
S.
1. Mathews and Pierce, xx. OR Mathews and Pierce, Current Directions, xx.
note: shortened titles include up to four distinctive words from the full title.
B.
Bruhn, Siglind, ed. Messiaen's Language of Mystical Love. New York: Garland, 1998.
B.
Mathews, Max V. and John R. Pierce, eds., Current Directions in Computer Music Research. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1989.
For a book which has both an author AND an editor or translator, see 17.1.1 (p. 163) for format.
TRANSLATED BOOK [in addition to the author] (p. 163)
N.
1. Olivier Messiaen, Music and Color: Conversations with Claude Samuel, trans. E. Thomas Glasow (Portland, Ore.: Amadeus Press, 1994), xx-xx.
S.
1. Messiaen, xx. OR Messiaen, Music and Color, xx.
B.
Messiaen, Olivier. Music and Color: Conversations with Claude Samuel. Translated by E. Thomas Glasow.
Portland, OR.: Amadeus Press,1994.
TRANSLATED AND EDITED BOOK [in addition to an author] (p. 164)
N.
6.
Johann Adam Hiller, Treatise in Vocal Performance and Ornamentation, trans. and ed. Suzanne J. Beicken (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2001), xx.
(in notes, abbreviate ed. and/or trans. before the editor's or translator's name)
S.
8. Hiller, Treatise in Vocal Performance, xx. OR Hiller, xx.
B. (note: in the bibliography, editor and/or translator is spelled out)
Hiller, Johann Adam. Treatise in Vocal Performance and Ornamentation.
Translated and edited by Suzanne J. Beicken. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge
University Press, 2001.
For further information on abbreviations of editor(s) and translated, translator(s) see Turabian, 7th ed., p. 146-147.
REVISED EDITION (17.1.3)
When you cite an edition other than the first, abbreviate "Second edition, Revised and Enlarged" as 2nd ed. ; rev. ed. Include the publication date of the edition you are citing--NOT any previous edition.
N.
7. Nancy B. Reich, Clara Schumann: The Artist and the Woman, Rev. ed. (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001), xx.
N. (a numbered subsequent edition)
7. Nancy B. Reich, Clara Schumann: The Artist and the Woman, 2nd ed. (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001), xx.
S. For an example of a shortened reference, see under Translated Book.
B.
Reich, Nancy B.
Clara Schumann: The Artist and the Woman. Rev. ed.
Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001.
ONLINE BOOKS (17.1.10)
Follow the same guidelines as for print books. Include the URL and the date acessed. A URL alone is not sufficient. You must provide full facts of publication, should the URL change. ex: http://[complete URL] (accessed [date])
N.
12.
Linda Phyllis Austern and Inna Naroditskaya, eds. Music of the Sirens (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006) http://www.netlibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=187159 (accessed [date]).
S. note: there is no shortened form for online references.
B.
Austern, Linda Phyllis and Inna Naroditskaya, eds. Music of the Sirens. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006.
N.
6. Ian Pace, "Never to be Taught," Musical Times 138, no. 1857 (November 1997): xx.
[There may not be a month given.]
S. 8. Pace, "Never to be Taught," xx. OR Pace, xx.
note: shortened titles include up to four distinctive words from the full title.
B.
Pace, Ian. "Never to be Taught." Musical Times 138, no. 1857 (November 1997): xx-xx.
(Treat multiple authors the same as with books. See above)
FOR ONLINE ARTICLES: Follow guidelines for print journals. Add the URL and the date you accessed the material. A URL alone is not sufficient. You must provide full facts of publication, should the URL change.
N.
6. Ian Pace, "Never to be Taught," Musical Times 138, no. 1857 (November 1997), http://iimp.chadwyck.com/articles/displayItem.do?QueryType=articles&ResultsID (accessed [date]).
S. note: there is no shortened form for online references.
B.
Pace, Ian. "Never to be Taught." Musical Times 138, no. 1857 (November 19970).
http://iimp.chadwyck.com/articles/displayItem.do?QueryType=articles&ResultsID (accessed [date]).
* Cited as in journal articles.
* Cite weekly or monthly magazines by date only (omit volume and issue)
* Do not enclose the date in parenthesis.
* If you cite a specific passage in a note, include its page number.
* Omit inclusive page numbers (ex. 135-140) in a bibliography.
N.
2. Charles R. Cross, "In the Studio: The Joys of Noise," Rolling Stone, February 8, 1996, xx.
S.
4. Cross, "In the Studio," xx.
B.
Cross, Charles R. "In the Studio: The Joys of Noise," Rolling Stone, February 8, 1996. [no page no. here]
FOR ONLINE MAGAZINES: Follow guidelines for print journals. Add the URL and the date you accessed the material. See examples above under Journal Articles.
Cite in notes only. Do not include in bibliography, however you may include a specific article that is critical to your argument or frequently cited. Omit page numbers, but you may include edition, i.e. final edition or some identifier.
N.
1. Associated Press, "French Composer Olivier Messiaen's Last Premier," Christian Science Monitor, April 5, 1995.
16. Editorial, New York Times, June 1, 1998.
10. Obitiuary of Andrew Hill, New York Times, April 21, 2007, late edition.
FOR ONLINE ARTICLES: Follow guidelines for print journals. Add the URL and the date you accessed the material. A URL alone is not sufficient. You must provide full facts of publication, should the URL change. http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=AWNB&p_theme=aggregated5&p (accessed [date]).
N.
5. Georgi Danchev, "Anton Bruckner's Requiem in D Minor (1849): A Critical Examination" (master's thesis, Florida International University, 2005), xx.
B.
Achter, Morton Jay. "Telicien David, Ambroise Thomas, and French Opera Lyrique 1850-1870." PhD diss., University of Michigan, 1972. (no page no. here)
For original content, include as much information as you can: author, title of the page, enclosed in quotation marks, title or owner of the site, URL and access date.
N.
3. Derrick Everett, "Montsalvat: The Parsifal Pages," http://home.c2i.net/monsalvat/inxcommon.htm..." (accessed date/year).
B.
Everett, Derrick. "Montsalvat: The Parsifal Pages." http://home.c2i.net/monsalvat/inxcommon.htm..." (accessed [date/year]).
If there is no named author, give the owner of the site.
N.
5. Richard Wagner Foundation Research Centre, "Richard Wagner Museum Bayreuth,"
http://www.wahnfried.de/_engl/index.html (accessed date/year).
B.
Richard Wagner Foundation Research Centre." Richard Wagner Museum Bayreuth,"
http://www.wahnfried.de/_engl/index.html (accessed date/year).
Major dictionaries and encyclopedias, such as the New Grove, should be cited only in notes. Include in bibliography if critical to your argument or frequently cited. Include s.v. (sub verbo --"under the word")
N.
1. New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed., s.v. "Jean Sibelius. "
N.
1. Grove Music Online, s.v. "Sibelius, Jean," http://www.grovemusic.com/index.html?authstatuscode=200 (accessed [month, day, year).
N. (for titles of major works that would normally be italicized, use quotation marks)
6. Celia Applegate, Bach in Berlin: Nation and Culture in Mendelssohn's Revival of the "St. Matthew Passion" (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005), [page no/s.]
B.
Applegate, Celia. Bach in Berlin: Nation and Culture in Mendelssohn's Revival of the "St. Matthew
Passion." Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005, [page no/s.]
For further discussion of titles within titles, see Turabian, 7th. ed., p. 168.
List recordings either under the title of the recording or under composer or performer --whichever is more relevant to your discussion. Include as much info. as needed to distinguish it from similar recordings: name of rec. company, identifying no., medium, copyright or production dates.
N.
11. Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Sonata no. 29 "Hammerklavier," Rudolf Serkin, ProArte Digital CDD 270, 1992.
B.
Bernstein, Leonard, dir. Symphony no. 5, by Dimitri Shostakovich. New York Philharmonic. CBS IM 35854. CD. 1985.
These generally follow the pattern for books, with the addition of the medium (VHS, DVD)
N.
7. George Frideric Handel, Messiah, VHS, Atlanta Symphny Orchestra and Chamber Chorus, conducted by Robert Shaw (Batavia, OH: Video Treasures, 1988).
B.
Handel, George Frideric. Messiah. VHS, Atlanta Symphny Orchestra and Chamber Chorus, conducted by Robert Shaw. Batavia, OH: Video Treasures, 1988.
Cite a published musical score as you would a book.
N.
5. Johann Sebastian Bach, Complete Arias from the Cantatas, Masses & Oratorios, Ann Knipschild, ed. (Wiesbaden, Germany: Breitkoph & Hartel, 2005).
B.
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. Sonatas and Fantasies for the Piano. Prepared from the autographs and earliest printed sources by Nathan
Broder. Rev. ed. Bryn Mawr, PA: Theodore Presser, 1960.
Cite in notes only. Include title of work performed, key performers and indication of their roles, the venue, its location and the date. Italicize titles of plays & long musical compositions; titles of shorter works enclosed in "" quotation marks. If the citation is focused on an individual performer, list that person's name before the title of the work.
N.
12. Yuja Wang, pianist, "La Valse," by Maurice Ravel, Orchestra Hall, Chicago, March 26, 2006.
Turabian states in 17.1.6: The place of publication is the city where the publisher's main editorial offices are located.
When two or more cities are given...include only the first.
19.1.3
When the title of a work that would normally be italicized appears within the
italicized title of another, enclose the quoted title in quotation marks:
Use sentence-style capitalization...* within
the quoted titles.
Bach in Berlin : nation and culture in Mendelssohn's revival of the "St. Matthew Passion."
*In sentence style capitalization, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, and any proper nouns and proper adjectives thereafter. Preserve spelling, hyphenation and punctuation of the original title...(see 19.1.3 for more information.)